Arnaud Elisa A, Gardiner Gillian E, O' Doherty John V, Sweeney Torres, Lawlor Peadar G
Pig Development Department, Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland.
Eco-Innovation Research Centre, Department of Science, South East Technological University, Waterford City, Co. Waterford X91 KOEK, Ireland.
Transl Anim Sci. 2025 May 16;9:txaf066. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaf066. eCollection 2025.
The provision of liquid creep feed to suckling pigs has been shown to increase dry matter intake compared to dry creep feeding. The increased feed intake associated with liquid feeding makes it attractive as a means of delivering feed additives to suckling pigs to optimize growth and health. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of L-glutamine and enzyme supplementation of liquid creep feed on pig growth up to target slaughter weight (120 kg), health and intestinal structure. Sixty sows and their litters were blocked on sow parity, previous number of piglets weaned and sow weight at day 107 of gestation, and the litters were randomly assigned to one of 3 dietary treatments: 1) liquid starter diet (control); 2) control diet supplemented with 10 g of L-glutamine per kg of starter diet (glutamine); and 3) control diet supplemented with a cocktail of enzymes (lipase, protease and α-amylase included at 160 Lipase units, 30,000 New Feed Protein units and 67.5 Kilo Novozymes units, respectively per kg of starter diet). Dietary treatments were fed from day 8 of age to weaning at day 28. Pig weight and dry matter disappearance (DMd) were recorded during lactation and post-weaning until pigs reached target slaughter weight (120 kg) at 158 d of age. Carcass weight and quality were recorded. Medication usage, and the number of injections and clinical cases of disease were recorded from birth to slaughter. At day 5 post-weaning, a subset of pigs (n = 30) were sacrificed and intestinal samples were collected for histological analysis. The DMd of creep feed did not differ between treatments ( > 0.05). Glutamine tended to reduce piglet body weight (BW) at day 21 ( = 0.09) and 28 ( = 0.08) of lactation and from day 14 to 21, glutamine decreased piglet average daily gain (ADG) compared to the control ( < 0.05). Post-weaning growth was not affected by treatment ( > 0.05). The amount of antibiotics or anti-inflammatories administered to piglets or sows was not affected by treatment, either pre- or post-weaning ( > 0.05). However, glutamine tended to increase diarrhea prevalence between day 8 and 27 of lactation compared to the control ( = 0.09). In conclusion, supplementing liquid creep feed with glutamine tended to reduce pre-weaning growth and to increase diarrhea prevalence in piglets. Additionally, supplementing liquid creep feed with enzymes had no effect on growth or medication usage in pigs.
与干型开食料相比，给哺乳仔猪提供液体开食料已被证明可增加干物质摄入量。与液体饲喂相关的采食量增加，使其成为向哺乳仔猪提供饲料添加剂以优化生长和健康状况的一种有吸引力的方式。本研究的目的是确定在液体开食料中添加L-谷氨酰胺和酶对仔猪生长至目标屠宰体重（约120千克）、健康状况和肠道结构的影响。60头母猪及其仔猪按母猪胎次、先前断奶仔猪数量和妊娠第107天的母猪体重进行分组，仔猪被随机分配到3种日粮处理之一：1）液体起始日粮（对照）；2）每千克起始日粮添加10克L-谷氨酰胺的对照日粮（谷氨酰胺组）；3）每千克起始日粮添加酶混合物（分别包含160脂肪酶单位、30,000新饲料蛋白单位和67.5诺维信单位的脂肪酶、蛋白酶和α-淀粉酶）的对照日粮。日粮处理从8日龄开始饲喂至28日龄断奶。在哺乳期和断奶后记录仔猪体重和干物质消失量（DMd）直至仔猪在158日龄达到目标屠宰体重（约120千克）。记录胴体重量和品质。记录从出生到屠宰的用药情况、注射次数和疾病临床病例数。在断奶后第5天，处死一部分仔猪（n = 30）并采集肠道样本进行组织学分析。各处理间开食料的DMd无差异（P>0.05）。谷氨酰胺组在哺乳期第21天（P = 0.09）和第28天（P = 0.08）的仔猪体重有降低趋势，且在第14天至21天，与对照组相比，谷氨酰胺组仔猪平均日增重降低（P<0.05）。断奶后生长不受处理影响（P>0.05）。给仔猪或母猪施用的抗生素或抗炎药的量在断奶前或断奶后均不受处理影响（P>0.05）。然而，与对照组相比，谷氨酰胺组在哺乳期第8天至27天腹泻发生率有增加趋势（P = 0.09）。总之，在液体开食料中添加谷氨酰胺往往会降低断奶前生长速度并增加仔猪腹泻发生率。此外，在液体开食料中添加酶对猪的生长或用药情况没有影响。
