Zhang Yuan, Chen Guanhua, Jing Yali
Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Branch of National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Nanjing, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 May 16;12:1565414. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1565414. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the relationship between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
A total of 584 patients with T2DM were divided into two groups based on whether with DR (non-DR group, = 382; DR group, = 202). The association between AIP and DR was assessed by Spearman's correlation and bivariate/multivariate logistic regression.
The patients in the DR group showed significantly higher AIP levels than those in the non-DR group (-0.009 ± 0.226 vs. 0.186 ± 0.261, < 0.001). Compared with those without DR, DR group had higher levels of age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, triglycerides (TG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr), while direct bilirubin (DBIL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were lower ( < 0.05). According to the interquartile range of AIP, the participants were divided into four groups: Q1 (≤-0.130), Q2 (-0.129, 0.048), Q3 (0.049, 0.220), Q4 (≥0.221). After adjusting for age, BMI, SBP, diabetes duration, DBIL, BUN and Cr, the logistic regression model indicated that subjects in Q3 and Q4 still had a remarkably increased risk of DR (Q3: OR, 2.838, 95% CI: 1.268 ~ 7.067; Q4: OR, 4.414, 95% CI: 1.841 ~ 10.097; all < 0.05). AIP provided an AUC value of 0.697 for retinopathy in patients with T2DM (95% CI: 0.652 ~ 0.741).
AIP is associated with diabetic retinopathy in patients with T2DM, and AIP may be a potential predictor of DR in patients with T2DM.
探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）之间的关系。
584例T2DM患者根据是否患有DR分为两组（非DR组，n = 382；DR组，n = 202）。采用Spearman相关性分析以及二元/多元逻辑回归评估AIP与DR之间的关联。
DR组患者的AIP水平显著高于非DR组（-0.009 ± 0.226 vs. 0.186 ± 0.261，P < 0.001）。与未患DR的患者相比，DR组患者的年龄、收缩压（SBP）、体重指数（BMI）、糖尿病病程、甘油三酯（TG）、血尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）水平更高，而直接胆红素（DBIL）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平更低（P < 0.05）。根据AIP的四分位数间距，将参与者分为四组：Q1（≤-0.130）、Q2（-0.129，0.048）、Q3（0.049，0.220）、Q4（≥0.221）。在调整年龄、BMI、SBP、糖尿病病程、DBIL、BUN和Cr后，逻辑回归模型表明，Q3和Q4组的受试者发生DR的风险仍显著增加（Q3：OR，2.838，95%CI：1.268 ~ 7.067；Q4：OR，4.414，95%CI：1.841 ~ 10.097；均P < 0.05）。AIP对T2DM患者视网膜病变的AUC值为0.697（95%CI：0.652 ~ 0.741）。
AIP与T2DM患者的糖尿病视网膜病变相关，AIP可能是T2DM患者DR的潜在预测指标。
