Sun Guangyao, Ding Xingyi, Zheng Zhong, Ma Hongtao
College of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2025 May 16;17:1553868. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1553868. eCollection 2025.
This umbrella review assessed the quality, potential biases, and effects of exercise interventions on cognitive function in individuals with cognitive impairments.
A comprehensive umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to evaluate the effects of exercise on cognitive function in individuals with cognitive impairments. Databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched. Outcomes were evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system, classified as "high," "moderate," "low," or "very low" quality.
A total of 55 meta-analyses were included, covering dementia, cognitive impairment, MCI, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and stroke. Cognitive outcomes were assessed using scales like MMSE and MoCA. High-quality evidence supports Exergaming (SMD 0.69), Tai Chi (SMD 0.36), and traditional Chinese mind-body exercises (SMD 0.32) for improving MMSE and MoCA Score in MCI patients. For dementia, moderate-quality evidence shows resistance training (SMD 0.60) and Tai Chi (SMD 0.27) have positive effects. Aerobic exercise (MD 2.95) was more effective for AD, while mind-body exercises (MD 1.68) benefitted PD patients. Multi-component exercises (SMD 0.67) improved MMSE and MoCA scores in post-stroke cognitive impairment. For unspecified cognitive impairments, combining exercise with cognitive training and traditional Chinese exercises showed higher effectiveness. Due to small sample sizes, all findings were Class IV evidence, requiring further research.
Moderate to high-quality evidence supports Exergaming, Tai Chi, and traditional Chinese exercises in improving cognitive function in MCI. For dementia, resistance training and Tai Chi are effective; for AD, aerobic exercise; for PD, mind-body exercises; and for post-stroke cognitive impairment, multi-component exercises are beneficial.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024587635, identifier [CRD42024587635].
本系统性综述评估了运动干预对认知障碍个体认知功能的质量、潜在偏倚及影响。
对随机对照试验（RCT）的荟萃分析进行了全面的系统性综述，以评估运动对认知障碍个体认知功能的影响。检索了包括科学引文索引、医学期刊数据库、荷兰医学文摘数据库和考克兰系统评价数据库在内的数据库。使用推荐分级、评估、制定与评价（GRADE）系统对结果进行评估，分为“高”“中”“低”或“极低”质量。
共纳入55项荟萃分析，涵盖痴呆、认知障碍、轻度认知障碍（MCI）、阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）和中风。使用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）等量表评估认知结果。高质量证据支持电子游戏（标准化均数差0.69）、太极拳（标准化均数差0.36）和传统中医身心锻炼（标准化均数差0.32）可改善MCI患者的MMSE和MoCA评分。对于痴呆，中等质量证据表明抗阻训练（标准化均数差0.60）和太极拳（标准化均数差0.27）有积极作用。有氧运动（平均差2.95）对AD更有效，而身心锻炼（平均差1.68）对PD患者有益。多成分运动（标准化均数差0.67）可提高中风后认知障碍患者的MMSE和MoCA评分。对于未明确的认知障碍，将运动与认知训练及传统中医运动相结合显示出更高的有效性。由于样本量小，所有结果均为IV级证据，需要进一步研究。
中到高质量证据支持电子游戏、太极拳和传统中医运动可改善MCI患者的认知功能。对于痴呆，抗阻训练和太极拳有效；对于AD，有氧运动有效；对于PD，身心锻炼有效；对于中风后认知障碍，多成分运动有益。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024587635，标识符[CRD42024587635]
