Tanggono Alfian Shan, Chen Li-Xiao, Zhang Yun-Jiao, Zhang Shi-Ling, Shi Xin-Chi, Chen Xin, Zhu Su-Qin, Wang Su-Yan, Laborda Pedro
School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2025 Sep;81(9):5993-6006. doi: 10.1002/ps.8952. Epub 2025 Jun 2.
Paecilomyces is emerging as an efficient biocontrol agent owing to its rapid growth, high sporulation capacity, and ability to compete for space and nutrients with fungal pathogens. Recently, Paecilomyces maximus spores were reported to contain dipicolinic acid (DPA), which was identified as a key component involved in P. maximus spore resistance to environmental stresses. DPA was found to be synthesized by the first DPA synthase (PmDpa) reported in fungi.
Here, the role of the pmdpa gene in P. maximus colonization and biocontrol ability was analyzed by comparing the biocontrol properties of wild-type P. maximus NJC01 and knock-out mutant Δpmdpa. NJC01 and Δpmdpa reduced Colletotrichum brevisporum mycelial growth by 48.1% and 34.2%, respectively. Δpmdpa showed 37.8%-56.9% lower colonization ability on soybean pods compared to NJC01. The ability of NJC01 to compete for space and nutrients with C. brevisporum was higher than that of Δpmdpa. In preventive application, 1 × 10 NJC01 spores mL reduced anthracnose symptoms on soybean pods by 42.2-42.5% after 10 days. However, 1 × 10 Δpmdpa spores mL reduced the disease symptoms by only 27.8%. The original phenotypes were recovered when using the complemented strain, Δpmdpa/pmdpa. Interestingly, combination of 1 × 10 NJC01 spores mL and 0.02 mg mL DPA promoted colony formation, and increased NJC01 preventive and curative efficacies up to 49.2% and 42.5%, respectively.
pmdpa was found to play a key role in P. maximus colonization and growth, revealing the first key factor involved in Paecilomyces biocontrol properties. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
拟青霉因其生长迅速、产孢能力高以及与真菌病原体竞争空间和养分的能力，正成为一种高效的生物防治剂。最近，有报道称大拟青霉孢子含有吡啶二羧酸（DPA），它被确定为参与大拟青霉孢子对环境胁迫抗性的关键成分。DPA被发现是由真菌中报道的首个DPA合酶（PmDpa）合成的。
在此，通过比较野生型大拟青霉NJC01和敲除突变体Δpmdpa的生物防治特性，分析了pmdpa基因在大拟青霉定殖和生物防治能力中的作用。NJC01和Δpmdpa分别使短孢炭疽菌的菌丝生长减少了48.1%和34.2%。与NJC01相比，Δpmdpa在大豆荚上的定殖能力低37.8% - 56.9%。NJC01与短孢炭疽菌竞争空间和养分的能力高于Δpmdpa。在预防性应用中，1×10⁶ NJC01孢子/mL在10天后使大豆荚上的炭疽病症状减轻了42.2% - 42.5%。然而，1×10⁶ Δpmdpa孢子/mL仅使病害症状减轻了27.8%。使用互补菌株Δpmdpa/pmdpa时，恢复了原始表型。有趣的是，1×10⁶ NJC01孢子/mL和0.02 mg/mL DPA的组合促进了菌落形成，并使NJC01的预防和治疗效果分别提高到49.2%和42.5%。
发现pmdpa在大拟青霉的定殖和生长中起关键作用，揭示了拟青霉生物防治特性的首个关键因素。© 2025化学工业协会。
