Pan Ruochen, Bi Yuan, Zhou Siqi, Tian Zhang, Xu Aijun
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
J Anesth. 2025 Jun 2. doi: 10.1007/s00540-025-03519-5.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by core symptoms of impaired social communication and stereotyped behaviors. While early-life exposure to anesthetics may increase the risk of ASD, anesthetics can also have therapeutic effects on ASD, potentially through mechanisms involving the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic, and µ-opioid receptor signaling pathways. Given that individuals with ASD often exhibit high levels of non-cooperation and poor communication abilities, they typically require deeper sedation during medical examinations, making the choice of anesthetics particularly critical. This article provides an overview about the effects and underlying mechanisms of various anesthetics with ASD, aiming to assist anesthesiologists in implementing anesthesia management for ASD patients more scientifically.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征为社交沟通受损和刻板行为等核心症状。虽然早年接触麻醉剂可能会增加患ASD的风险，但麻醉剂对ASD也可能具有治疗作用，潜在机制可能涉及N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）能和μ-阿片受体信号通路。鉴于ASD患者通常表现出高度不合作和沟通能力差，他们在医学检查期间通常需要更深程度的镇静，因此麻醉剂的选择尤为关键。本文概述了各种麻醉剂对ASD的影响及其潜在机制，旨在帮助麻醉医生更科学地对ASD患者实施麻醉管理。
