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政策行为体的信念体系和利益在构建公共卫生营养问题中的作用:以澳大利亚肥胖问题为例的研究

The role of policy actors' belief systems and interests in framing public health nutrition problems: a case study of obesity in Australia.

作者信息

Ribeiro de Melo Patricia, Baker Phillip, Machado Priscila Pereira, Howse Elly, Northcott Tanita, Lawrence Mark

机构信息

School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Wadawurrung, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Gadigal, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

出版信息

Public Health Nutr. 2025 Jun 3;28(1):e103. doi: 10.1017/S1368980025100517.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated how the belief systems and interests of policy actors shaped their framing of the causes and solutions to obesity and how this influenced policy recommendations.

DESIGN

Submissions to the Select Committee on Obesity Epidemic in Australia (SCOEA) were collected, and actors were classified according to their interests in commercial and non-commercial groups. A framework grounded in social constructionism was used to code frames and underlying belief systems. The SCOEA report was analysed to identify the representative distribution of belief systems in recommendations.

SETTING

Australia.

PARTICIPANTS

None.

RESULTS

150 submissions were collected and analysed. 120 submitters were actors with non-commercial interests, including governments ( 13), non-government organisations ( 49), civil society groups and citizens ( 24) and academia ( 34). Thirty submitters were actors with commercial interests including food industry representatives ( 23) and health enterprises ( 7). Conflicting belief systems in the framing of obesity were identified among policy actors, particularly between commercial and non-commercial groups. Non-commercial actors framed obesity in biomedical, lifestyle and socio-ecological terms, whereas commercial actors exclusively framed obesity as an issue of individual choices and proposed behavioural change interventions. A broad range of belief systems expressed by the submitters was represented in the SCOEA final report.

CONCLUSION

These findings illustrate how policy actors' beliefs and interests shaped their frames and influenced the development of a key policy report. Policymakers seeking to advance obesity prevention policy must critically evaluate strategic framing by various actors and ensure that policy decisions are evidence-based and aligned with health, equity and ecological perspectives.

摘要

目的

本研究调查了政策行为者的信仰体系和利益如何塑造他们对肥胖原因及解决方案的框架构建,以及这如何影响政策建议。

设计

收集了提交给澳大利亚肥胖流行特别委员会(SCOEA)的材料,并根据行为者在商业和非商业群体中的利益对其进行分类。使用基于社会建构主义的框架对框架和潜在信仰体系进行编码。对SCOEA报告进行分析,以确定建议中信仰体系的代表性分布。

背景

澳大利亚。

参与者

无。

结果

收集并分析了150份提交材料。120名提交者是具有非商业利益的行为者,包括政府(13个)、非政府组织(49个)、民间社会团体和公民(24个)以及学术界(34个)。30名提交者是具有商业利益的行为者,包括食品行业代表(23个)和健康企业(7个)。在政策行为者中,尤其是在商业和非商业群体之间,发现了在肥胖框架构建方面相互冲突的信仰体系。非商业行为者从生物医学、生活方式和社会生态角度构建肥胖框架,而商业行为者则仅将肥胖框架为个人选择问题,并提出行为改变干预措施。提交者表达的广泛信仰体系在SCOEA最终报告中得到了体现。

结论

这些发现说明了政策行为者的信念和利益如何塑造他们的框架,并影响了一份关键政策报告的制定。寻求推进肥胖预防政策的政策制定者必须严格评估各行为者的战略框架构建,并确保政策决策基于证据,并与健康、公平和生态视角保持一致。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c55e/12264778/abad17a30111/S1368980025100517_fig1.jpg

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