Xiao Dan, Wang Xiao, Liang Wanting, Yang Yunshu, Du Yuting, Liu Chunmao, Xu Feiyang, Yang Yang, Wei Mengying, Yang Guodong
The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
J Transl Med. 2025 Jun 3;23(1):622. doi: 10.1186/s12967-025-06635-8.
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a neurological dysfunction induced by sepsis, with symptoms ranging from mild delirium to deep coma. About 70% of patients with severe systemic infection develop SAE and with more than half of surviving patients suffering from long-term cognitive deficits, which seriously damaged the quality of their daily life and brought a heavy burden to society. The pathogenesis of SAE is multifactorial, including activated inflammation, blood- brain barrier (BBB) disruption, cerebral blood flow impairment, and neurotransmitter disturbances. Microglia mediate multiple SAE pathologies. In this review, we summarized the most recent findings in the roles of microglia in every stage of SAE pathogenesis, focusing on the molecular pathways in microglia activation and downstream effects. We also demonstrated the novel therapeutic studies targeting microglia in SAE. Deep insight into the role of microglia in SAE is of great importance in exploring pathogenesis and developing effective remedies of SAE.
脓毒症相关性脑病（SAE）是一种由脓毒症诱发的神经功能障碍，症状从轻度谵妄到深度昏迷不等。约70%的严重全身感染患者会发生SAE，超过一半的存活患者存在长期认知缺陷，这严重损害了他们的日常生活质量，并给社会带来了沉重负担。SAE的发病机制是多因素的，包括炎症激活、血脑屏障（BBB）破坏、脑血流受损和神经递质紊乱。小胶质细胞介导多种SAE病理过程。在本综述中，我们总结了小胶质细胞在SAE发病机制各阶段作用的最新研究结果，重点关注小胶质细胞激活的分子途径及其下游效应。我们还展示了针对SAE中小胶质细胞的新型治疗研究。深入了解小胶质细胞在SAE中的作用对于探索SAE的发病机制和开发有效的治疗方法具有重要意义。
