Shamsaei Amin, Mohammadpour Iraj, Mohammadi Zahra, Asgari Qasem
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
J Parasitol Res. 2025 May 27;2025:1666892. doi: 10.1155/japr/1666892. eCollection 2025.
is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite causing toxoplasmosis in humans. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of microwave on the viability and infectivity of tachyzoites of the RH strain, both in vitro and in vivo. tachyzoites of the RH strain were treated with microwave radiation for 5, 10, 15, and 20 s. The viability of treated tachyzoites was assessed using flow cytometry. The in vitro infectivity of these treated tachyzoites was investigated using the HeLa cell culture. For in vivo studies, BALB/c mice received two injections of treated tachyzoites mixed with Freund's adjuvant, over a fortnight interval, and their daily survival rates were monitored. Subsequently, untreated tachyzoites were inoculated into surviving mice in order to evaluate induced immunity. The produced IgG antibody titers in surviving mice were measured using the modified agglutination test. The flow cytometry method showed mortality rates of 46.89%, 74.11%, 88.38%, and 99.34% for the treated tachyzoites at 5, 10, 15, and 20 s, respectively. An in vitro analysis showed no proliferation of treated tachyzoites at 10- to 20-s time points after 24, 48, and 72 h. An in vivo study showed that all mice injected with tachyzoites treated for 5 s died, while those treated for 10-20 s survived. Mice that survived were exposed to untreated tachyzoites and showed a significant viability rate up to 18 days. The modified agglutination test showed an antibody titer of 1:80 in partially immunized mice. These results suggest that microwave-treated tachyzoites combined with Freund's adjuvant greatly enhance survival rates, reduce infectivity, and induce a humoral immune response in mice, offering partial protection against acute toxoplasmosis.
是一种引起人类弓形虫病的无处不在的原生动物寄生虫。本研究的目的是在体外和体内研究微波对RH株速殖子活力和感染性的影响。将RH株速殖子用微波辐射处理5、10、15和20秒。使用流式细胞术评估处理后速殖子的活力。使用HeLa细胞培养研究这些处理后速殖子的体外感染性。对于体内研究，BALB/c小鼠在两周的间隔内接受两次注射与弗氏佐剂混合的处理后速殖子，并监测它们的每日存活率。随后，将未处理的速殖子接种到存活的小鼠中以评估诱导的免疫力。使用改良凝集试验测量存活小鼠中产生的IgG抗体滴度。流式细胞术方法显示，处理5、10、15和20秒的速殖子死亡率分别为46.89%、74.11%、88.38%和99.34%。体外分析显示，在24、48和72小时后，处理10至20秒时间点的速殖子没有增殖。体内研究表明，所有注射5秒处理速殖子的小鼠死亡，而注射10至20秒处理速殖子的小鼠存活。存活的小鼠暴露于未处理的速殖子，在长达18天内显示出显著的存活率。改良凝集试验显示部分免疫小鼠的抗体滴度为1:80。这些结果表明，微波处理的速殖子与弗氏佐剂联合使用可大大提高小鼠的存活率，降低感染性，并诱导体液免疫反应，为急性弓形虫病提供部分保护。
