Wang Mindy X, Furrow Molly L, Gao Mamie, Nasrullah Ayesha, Shehata Mostafa A, Shaaban Akram M, Shenoy-Bhangle Anuradha S, Revzin Margarita V, Katz Douglas S, Elsayes Khaled M
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
Abdom Radiol (NY). 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s00261-025-05012-9.
The prevalence of cancer continues to increase both in the United States and worldwide. Oncologic emergencies are potentially life-threatening conditions in cancer patients, and these may be directly or indirectly related to the underlying malignancy. Radiologists must be well-versed not only in cancer staging, but also in potential cancer related complications and emergencies to guide prompt appropriate management. Oncologic emergencies may occur due to direct local effects by the tumor or metastasis, associated systemic manifestations, or due to treatment related effects. These emergencies may sometimes be the first presentation of the underlying malignancy. The various gastrointestinal oncologic emergencies include airway-esophageal fistula, intestinal obstruction, intestinal ischemia, intestinal perforation, intussusception, inflammatory/infectious bowel changes, torsion, and tumor-related gastrointestinal bleeding. This review article aims to highlight the clinical and key imaging manifestations of oncologic emergencies along with implications for management, with a particular focus on the gastrointestinal system.
在美国和全球范围内，癌症的患病率持续上升。肿瘤急症是癌症患者潜在的危及生命的状况，这些状况可能直接或间接与潜在的恶性肿瘤相关。放射科医生不仅必须精通癌症分期，还必须熟悉潜在的癌症相关并发症和急症，以指导及时恰当的治疗。肿瘤急症可能由于肿瘤或转移灶的直接局部影响、相关的全身表现或治疗相关影响而发生。这些急症有时可能是潜在恶性肿瘤的首发表现。各种胃肠道肿瘤急症包括气道-食管瘘、肠梗阻、肠缺血、肠穿孔、肠套叠、炎症/感染性肠改变、扭转以及肿瘤相关的胃肠道出血。这篇综述文章旨在强调肿瘤急症的临床和关键影像学表现以及对治疗的影响，尤其关注胃肠道系统。
