Ishtiaq Hifza, Batool Tashbih E, Mamoon Beena, Majeed Ayesha Isani, Atta Maryam, Atta Asma, Masood Shahid
Department of Medicine, Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Muzaffarabad, PAK.
Department of Psychiatry, Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Hospital, Muzaffarabad, PAK.
Cureus. 2025 May 5;17(5):e83486. doi: 10.7759/cureus.83486. eCollection 2025 May.
Background Violence and stress significantly contribute to the growing mental health crisis in Pakistan. However, access to appropriate care remains limited for many. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of violence and trauma on mental health, identify the prevalence of trauma-related psychiatric disorders, and assess gaps in mental healthcare integration. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan, from April 2024 to December 2024. The study included 316 participants who had a history of exposure to violence or trauma and associated mental health issues. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed demographic characteristics, trauma exposure, and mental health conditions. Standardized diagnostic tools were employed to screen for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 26.0; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). Chi-square and t-tests were used to assess associations between trauma exposure and mental health outcomes. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The most prevalent form of trauma exposure was domestic violence (n=102; 32.28%), followed by terrorism-related trauma (n=68; 21.52%) and natural disasters (n=60; 18.99%). PTSD was the most common mental health condition, affecting 34.81% of participants (n=110). Anxiety disorders were present in 31.01% of participants, while 26.90% (n=85) experienced depression. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between exposure to trauma and an increased prevalence of mental health disorders (p<0.001). Conclusion The findings underscore the need for improvements in the integration of mental health services into primary healthcare systems in Pakistan. There is a need for the development of community-based programs and the implementation of policy reforms aimed at providing comprehensive support to individuals affected by trauma-related mental health conditions.
暴力和压力在很大程度上导致了巴基斯坦日益严重的心理健康危机。然而，许多人获得适当护理的机会仍然有限。本研究旨在评估暴力和创伤对心理健康的影响，确定创伤相关精神障碍的患病率，并评估精神卫生保健整合方面的差距。
2024年4月至2024年12月在巴基斯坦穆扎法拉巴德的阿巴斯医学科学研究所进行了一项横断面研究。该研究包括316名有暴力或创伤暴露史及相关心理健康问题的参与者。使用结构化问卷收集数据，该问卷评估人口统计学特征、创伤暴露情况和心理健康状况。采用标准化诊断工具筛查创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、焦虑和抑郁。使用统计产品与服务解决方案（SPSS，版本26.0；IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows，纽约州阿蒙克）进行数据分析。卡方检验和t检验用于评估创伤暴露与心理健康结果之间的关联。p值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
最常见的创伤暴露形式是家庭暴力（n = 102；32.28%），其次是与恐怖主义相关的创伤（n = 68；21.52%）和自然灾害（n = 60；18.99%）。PTSD是最常见的心理健康状况，影响了34.81%的参与者（n = 110）。31.01%的参与者存在焦虑障碍，26.90%（n = 85）经历过抑郁。统计分析显示，创伤暴露与心理健康障碍患病率增加之间存在显著关联（p < 0.001）。
研究结果强调了在巴基斯坦将精神卫生服务纳入初级卫生保健系统的必要性。需要制定基于社区的项目，并实施政策改革，旨在为受创伤相关心理健康状况影响的个人提供全面支持。
