Lish Alexandra M, Ashour Nancy, Pearse Richard V, Galle Paige C, Orme Gwendolyn A, Heuer Sarah E, Benoit Courtney R, Alexander Kellianne D, Grogan Elyssa F L, Terzioglu Gizem, Scarpa Allegra, Stern Andrew M, Seyfried Nicholas, Menon Vilas, Young-Pearse Tracy L
Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Cell Rep. 2025 Jun 24;44(6):115777. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115777. Epub 2025 Jun 3.
Advancements in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology have enabled co-culture models for disease modeling in physiologically relevant systems. However, co-culturing protocols face challenges in usability and consistency. Here, we introduce a robust, reproducible hiPSC-derived co-culture system integrating astrocytes, neurons, and microglia. This model leverages cryopreserved cells, enabling co-cultures within 20 days post-thaw. Comparing monocultures and tricultures, we demonstrate how cell-cell interactions shape transcriptional and functional states across all three cell types. Neurons in triculture exhibit increased spine density and activity, while astrocytes and microglia show altered responses to proinflammatory stimulation. Surprisingly, the presence of astrocytes induces upregulation of disease-associated microglia (DAM) genes, including TREM2, SPP1, APOE, and GPNMB in microglia. Additionally, while familial Alzheimer's disease neurons induce a prototypical inflammatory response in microglia, the DAM signature is significantly dampened. Collectively, this study establishes a versatile human triculture model as a valuable resource for dissecting neuron-glia interactions and their role in neurodegenerative disease.
人类诱导多能干细胞(hiPSC)技术的进步使得在生理相关系统中进行疾病建模的共培养模型成为可能。然而,共培养方案在可用性和一致性方面面临挑战。在此,我们引入了一种强大、可重复的源自hiPSC的共培养系统,该系统整合了星形胶质细胞、神经元和小胶质细胞。该模型利用冷冻保存的细胞,使得在解冻后20天内即可进行共培养。通过比较单培养和三培养,我们展示了细胞间相互作用如何塑造所有三种细胞类型的转录和功能状态。三培养中的神经元表现出增加的棘密度和活性,而星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞对促炎刺激的反应则发生了改变。令人惊讶的是,星形胶质细胞的存在会诱导小胶质细胞中与疾病相关的小胶质细胞(DAM)基因上调,包括TREM2、SPP1、APOE和GPNMB。此外,虽然家族性阿尔茨海默病神经元会在小胶质细胞中诱导典型的炎症反应,但DAM特征会显著减弱。总体而言,本研究建立了一种通用的人类三培养模型,作为剖析神经元-胶质细胞相互作用及其在神经退行性疾病中的作用的宝贵资源。
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