Anzini Arianna, Caggianelli Gabriele, Tomasin Rita Patrizia, Segala Alessia, Giangrazi Stefania, Paccagnella Chiara, Mancin Stefano, Petrelli Fabio, Vanzi Valentina, Cangelosi Giovanni, Dello Iacono Irene
Department of Healthcare Professions, Azienda Ospedaliera Complesso Ospedaliero San Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy.
Local Health Authority Rome 5, Rome, Italy.
Appl Nurs Res. 2025 Jun;83:151954. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151954. Epub 2025 Apr 16.
BACKGROUND/AIM: The rising migration to EU Member States has increased demographic diversity, posing challenges for healthcare systems in delivering culturally competent care. Nurses, often the first healthcare providers to interact with migrant patients, play a crucial role in addressing cultural differences. However, a lack of awareness and preparedness can negatively impact the nurse-patient relationship and overall care quality. This study aimed to explore the transcultural challenges nurses encounter when caring for migrant patients.
A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to examine the experiences of 19 nurses from two hospitals in Italy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between June and August 2024. Giorgi's phenomenological method was applied to analyze the data and identify key themes related to transcultural care challenges.
The findings revealed that language barriers significantly hinder communication, often requiring nurses to rely on non-verbal strategies. Cultural differences in health beliefs and expectations necessitate continuous adaptation of care plans. Building trust and empathy is crucial in fostering effective relationships, yet nurses face emotional and ethical challenges when patient values conflict with standard practices. Culturally competent staff act as essential mediators, bridging gaps in understanding and care delivery.
This study highlights the need for tailored interventions to support nurses in managing transcultural challenges. Addressing communication barriers and ethical dilemmas through training and the inclusion of cultural mediators is crucial to improving care quality for migrant patients. Further research is needed to develop evidence-based strategies for culturally competent nursing care.
背景/目的：向欧盟成员国迁移的人数不断增加，导致人口多样性上升，这给医疗保健系统提供具有文化胜任力的护理带来了挑战。护士通常是首批与移民患者互动的医疗保健提供者，在应对文化差异方面发挥着关键作用。然而，缺乏意识和准备可能会对护患关系和整体护理质量产生负面影响。本研究旨在探讨护士在护理移民患者时遇到的跨文化挑战。
采用定性现象学方法，对意大利两家医院的19名护士的经历进行了研究。于2024年6月至8月进行了半结构化访谈。运用 Giorgi 的现象学方法对数据进行分析，并确定与跨文化护理挑战相关的关键主题。
研究结果表明，语言障碍严重阻碍了沟通，护士常常需要依靠非语言策略。健康观念和期望方面的文化差异使得护理计划需要不断调整。建立信任和同理心对于建立有效的关系至关重要，但当患者价值观与标准做法冲突时，护士会面临情感和伦理挑战。具备文化胜任力的工作人员是重要的调解人，可弥合理解和护理提供方面的差距。
本研究强调需要采取针对性干预措施，以支持护士应对跨文化挑战。通过培训和引入文化调解人来解决沟通障碍和伦理困境，对于提高移民患者的护理质量至关重要。需要进一步开展研究，以制定基于证据的具有文化胜任力的护理策略。
