Lv Yang, Peng Sisi, Liu Yali, Yang Hefeng, Li Guiding, Peng Yi
Department of Periodontology, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, China.
Department of Orthodontics, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, China.
J Oral Microbiol. 2025 Jun 4;17(1):2513739. doi: 10.1080/20002297.2025.2513739. eCollection 2025.
To investigate the oral microbiome and metabolome longitudinal changes associated with orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement (OT-GE).
Twenty-six subjects were divided into case and control groups based on the gingival overgrowth index (GOi). The OT-GE group was divided into the no gingival enlargement (OT-GE0, = 5) and persistent gingival enlargement (OT-GE1, = 11). The control group included orthodontic treatment periodontal health (OT-GH, = 5), and no orthodontic treatment periodontal health (NOT-GH, = 5). Microbial composition and metabolites in saliva were investigated using cross-omics.
Longitudinal analysis linked orthodontic treatment-induced gingival enlargement to distinct oral microbiome and metabolome shifts. The OT-GE group showed significantly higher bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque scores ( < 0.001), probing depth, GOi, and ligature wire differences ( < 0.05) versus controls. Microbial diversity and species richness were elevated in OT-GE ( < 0.05), though no differences emerged between OT-GE0 and OT-GE1) subgroup ( > 0.05). Cross-omics identified specific periodontal pathogens and metabolites linked to gingival enlargement. Disrupted amino acid biosynthesis pathways, particularly citrulline metabolism, correlated with functional gene dysregulation and microbial imbalance. Aberrant citrulline intake appeared to drive dysbiosis, potentially contributing to gingival overgrowth.
OT-GE pathogenesis involves functional gene-regulated metabolite metabolism influencing periodontal pathogens.
研究与正畸治疗引起的牙龈增生（OT-GE）相关的口腔微生物组和代谢组的纵向变化。
根据牙龈增生指数（GOi）将26名受试者分为病例组和对照组。OT-GE组分为无牙龈增生组（OT-GE0，n = 5）和持续性牙龈增生组（OT-GE1，n = 11）。对照组包括正畸治疗牙周健康组（OT-GH，n = 5）和未进行正畸治疗牙周健康组（NOT-GH，n = 5）。采用跨组学方法研究唾液中的微生物组成和代谢产物。
纵向分析将正畸治疗引起的牙龈增生与不同的口腔微生物组和代谢组变化联系起来。与对照组相比，OT-GE组的探诊出血（BOP）、菌斑评分（<0.001）、探诊深度、GOi和结扎丝差异（<0.05）显著更高。OT-GE组的微生物多样性和物种丰富度升高（<0.05），尽管OT-GE0和OT-GE1亚组之间没有差异（>0.05）。跨组学鉴定出与牙龈增生相关的特定牙周病原体和代谢产物。氨基酸生物合成途径的破坏，尤其是瓜氨酸代谢，与功能基因失调和微生物失衡相关。异常的瓜氨酸摄入似乎导致了生态失调，可能促成了牙龈过度生长。
OT-GE的发病机制涉及功能基因调节的代谢产物代谢影响牙周病原体。
