Aßländer Michael S
International Institute Zittau, Technical University Dresden, Markt 23, 02763 Zittau, Dresden, Germany.
Humanist Manag J. 2022;7(2):259-275. doi: 10.1007/s41463-022-00128-2. Epub 2022 Jun 28.
Over the past two decades, work relations have changed dramatically. New phenomena like "gig-economy" or "crowd work" not only constitute precarious working conditions but also contradict with our social esteem of work resulting from the social theories of the classical economy of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The central focus of classical economists on building an educated and disciplined workforce provided not only the base for the upcoming industrial society but also resulted in a work-based society where "being employed" became the precondition for social security and social participation. It is the aim of this contribution to show how our positive attitudes towards work, established by the political economic theories of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, are jeopardized by the social changes in post-industrialized societies, due to the effects of globalized economies, digitalization and changed industrial relations. This has also far-reaching consequences for managerial theories based on conceptions like meaningful work or discussions about social responsibilities vis-à-vis employees as primary stakeholder groups.
在过去二十年里，工作关系发生了巨大变化。“零工经济”或“众包工作”等新现象不仅构成了不稳定的工作条件，也与我们从18和19世纪古典经济学社会理论中衍生出的对工作的社会尊重相矛盾。古典经济学家对培养受过教育且守纪律的劳动力的核心关注，不仅为即将到来的工业社会奠定了基础，还造就了一个以工作为基础的社会，在这个社会中，“被雇佣”成为社会保障和社会参与的前提条件。本文旨在表明，由于全球化经济、数字化以及产业关系的变化，后工业化社会的社会变革如何危及我们由18和19世纪政治经济理论所确立的对工作的积极态度。这也对基于诸如有意义的工作等概念或关于将员工作为主要利益相关者群体的社会责任讨论的管理理论产生了深远影响。
