Zou Tao, Li Dan, Zhao Chun-Yan, Chen Ming-Lin
College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PRC, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 6;15(1):19890. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02686-5.
Persicaria criopolitana (Polygonaceae), a dominant annual herb in wetland ecosystems, is ecologically and horticulturally significant. Despite its prevalence, genomic resources for clarifying its phylogenetic relationships and supporting conservation efforts remain limited. The complete chloroplast genome of P. criopolitana was sequenced, assembled, and annotated. Comparative genomic analyses with other Persicaria species were conducted to identify structural variations and evolutionary dynamics. Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed using maximum-likelihood methods based on whole chloroplast genome sequences. The chloroplast genome (159,427 bp) exhibits a conserved quadripartite structure, encoding 131 genes, including 86 protein-coding, 37 tRNA, and 8 rRNA genes. Key features include: 208 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were detected, predominantly mononucleotide motifs. A pronounced preference for A/U-ending codons, with leucine as the most frequent amino acid. A 62-bp extension of the ndhF gene into the inverted repeat (IRb) region within the small single-copy (SSC) region.Phylogenetic resolution: P. criopolitana clusters within Persicaria sect. Polygonum, demonstrating distant divergence from sect. Cephalophilon.This study provides the first complete chloroplast genome resource for P. criopolitana, resolving its taxonomic position and revealing adaptive genomic signatures. These findings advance molecular tools for species identification, inform conservation strategies, and elucidate evolutionary mechanisms in Persicaria.
湿生蓼（蓼科）是湿地生态系统中一种占优势的一年生草本植物，在生态学和园艺学方面具有重要意义。尽管它很常见，但用于阐明其系统发育关系和支持保护工作的基因组资源仍然有限。对湿生蓼的完整叶绿体基因组进行了测序、组装和注释。与其他蓼属物种进行了比较基因组分析，以识别结构变异和进化动态。基于整个叶绿体基因组序列，使用最大似然法重建了系统发育关系。叶绿体基因组（159,427 bp）呈现出保守的四分体结构，编码131个基因，包括86个蛋白质编码基因、37个tRNA基因和8个rRNA基因。关键特征包括：检测到208个简单序列重复（SSRs），主要是单核苷酸基序。对以A/U结尾的密码子有明显偏好，亮氨酸是最常见的氨基酸。ndhF基因在小单拷贝（SSC）区域内的反向重复（IRb）区域有62 bp的延伸。系统发育分辨率：湿生蓼聚类在蓼属的Polygonum组内，表明与Cephalophilon组有较远的分化。本研究为湿生蓼提供了首个完整的叶绿体基因组资源，解决了其分类地位并揭示了适应性基因组特征。这些发现推进了物种鉴定的分子工具，为保护策略提供了信息，并阐明了蓼属的进化机制。
