Fan Yaming, Li Minqing, Wei Minghang, Su Zimei, Cao Hongli, Hu Jinlong
College of Tourism and Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 6;15(1):19930. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-04776-w.
Ecological quality (EQ) protection constitutes a cornerstone of sustainable development. This study develops a Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) via the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, integrating Theil-Sen slope estimation, spatial autocorrelation, GeoDetector, geographically weighted regression (GWR), and text mining to investigate EQ dynamics in the Li River Basin (1995-2021). Key findings reveal: (1) The basin exhibited a "low-central, high-peripheral" RSEI pattern with a fluctuating upward EQ trend that peaked in 2003 (forest conservation and urban green policies) and 2009 (accelerated farmland-to-forest conversion and energy-saving initiatives). Mean RSEI values progressed from 0.59 to 0.60 and 0.62 across three phases, with 61.06% of areas showing improvement (predominantly construction/agricultural zones) versus 31.52% degradation (concentrated in water-source forests). (2) Land use intensity and elevation emerged as primary determinants of RSEI variability, while tourism activity intensity demonstrated escalating influence over time. (3) RSEI exhibits spatial autocorrelation, with the effects of slope, elevation, land use intensity, and tourism activity varying geographically and undergoing dynamic transitions across regions. (4) Policy evolution in the basin reflects a progressive shift toward sustainable landscape resource management and ecosystem conservation. This study provides crucial insights for preserving karst ecosystems and promoting landscape resource sustainability worldwide.
生态质量（EQ）保护是可持续发展的基石。本研究通过谷歌地球引擎（GEE）平台开发了遥感生态指数（RSEI），结合泰尔-森斜率估计、空间自相关、地理探测器、地理加权回归（GWR）和文本挖掘，以研究漓江流域（1995 - 2021年）的生态质量动态。主要研究结果表明：（1）流域呈现出“低中心、高周边”的RSEI模式，生态质量呈波动上升趋势，在2003年（森林保护和城市绿化政策）和2009年（加速退耕还林和节能举措）达到峰值。三个阶段的平均RSEI值从0.59升至0.60和0.62，61.06%的区域有所改善（主要是建设/农业区），而31.52%的区域出现退化（集中在水源涵养林）。（2）土地利用强度和海拔是RSEI变化的主要决定因素，而旅游活动强度的影响随时间不断增加。（3）RSEI表现出空间自相关，坡度、海拔、土地利用强度和旅游活动的影响在地理上存在差异，并在不同区域经历动态转变。（4）流域政策演变反映出向可持续景观资源管理和生态系统保护的逐步转变。本研究为保护喀斯特生态系统和促进全球景观资源可持续性提供了重要见解。
