Joy Anna, Devlin Alicia, Lannin Natasha A, Callaway Libby, Whittaker Sara L, Brusco Natasha K
Occupational Therapy Department, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.
Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2025 Jun;72(3):e70029. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.70029.
Occupational therapy practice focuses on occupation-based interventions, considering the interaction between the person, environment, and task. In Australia, combining supervised therapy with self-directed practice is feasible, even for health-care consumers with cognitive impairments. This study aims to explore the self-practice programs developed by occupational therapists and delivered in inpatient rehabilitation and develop core recommendations for such interventions.
Ethical approval for this Delphi consensus study was granted by Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee. The study involved an online survey and two focus groups with Australian occupational therapists. Participants were recruited via snowball sampling and required to meet specific experience criteria. Content analysis was used to analyse data, and consensus was reached on core recommendations for prescribing self-practice in inpatient rehabilitation.
Occupational therapists who prescribe self-practice to health-care consumers were the community of interest and directly involved in the Delphi consensus process to inform study findings. Consumers using self-practice activities were not included in the study.
In Round 1 of the Delphi process, 21 occupational therapists participated in an anonymous online survey about prescribing self-practice in inpatient rehabilitation. The survey identified key recommendations across various categories. Round 2 focus groups further refined these recommendations, and Round 3 achieved consensus, incorporating additional feedback and suggestions for implementing self-practice programs. It found variability in implementation, with neurological and general rehabilitation health-care consumers most likely to receive self-practice tasks.
This Australian study explored how occupational therapists prescribe self-practice during inpatient rehabilitation. The study emphasised the importance of clinical reasoning and environmental factors, offering recommendations to guide goal-focused, client-centred self-practice interventions for better health-care consumer outcomes.
We looked at occupational therapists in Australia. We wanted to know how therapists gave self-practice activities to people. Our focus was on people in recovery hospitals. People do self-practice activities without a therapist. People do these activities outside therapy sessions. This study used a survey and focus groups. Skilled therapists agreed on ideas for self-practice. The results showed differences in self-practice methods. Self-practice is common in stroke and general recovery. The study gave self-practice tips for therapists. It included what, how, and why they prescribe these activities. Therapists should think about each person's goals. They should understand what helps self-practice. We know what therapists are doing. We support therapists to include self-practice programs in regular care.
职业治疗实践侧重于基于活动的干预措施，同时考虑人、环境和任务之间的相互作用。在澳大利亚，将监督治疗与自主练习相结合是可行的，即使对于有认知障碍的医疗保健消费者也是如此。本研究旨在探索职业治疗师制定并在住院康复中实施的自主练习计划，并为这类干预措施提出核心建议。
本德尔菲共识研究获得了莫纳什大学人类研究伦理委员会的伦理批准。该研究包括一项在线调查以及与澳大利亚职业治疗师进行的两个焦点小组讨论。通过滚雪球抽样招募参与者，他们需要满足特定的经验标准。采用内容分析法对数据进行分析，并就住院康复中规定自主练习的核心建议达成共识。
为医疗保健消费者规定自主练习的职业治疗师是研究关注的群体，并直接参与了德尔菲共识过程，为研究结果提供信息。使用自主练习活动的消费者未纳入本研究。
在德尔菲过程的第一轮中，21名职业治疗师参与了一项关于在住院康复中规定自主练习的匿名在线调查。该调查确定了各个类别的关键建议。第二轮焦点小组讨论进一步完善了这些建议，第三轮达成了共识，纳入了关于实施自主练习计划的更多反馈和建议。结果发现实施情况存在差异，神经科和普通康复的医疗保健消费者最有可能接受自主练习任务。
这项澳大利亚的研究探讨了职业治疗师在住院康复期间如何规定自主练习。该研究强调了临床推理和环境因素的重要性，提出了建议，以指导以目标为导向、以客户为中心的自主练习干预措施，从而为医疗保健消费者带来更好的结果。
我们研究了澳大利亚的职业治疗师。我们想了解治疗师如何给人们安排自主练习活动。我们关注的是康复医院的患者。患者在没有治疗师的情况下进行自主练习活动。这些活动在治疗时段之外进行。本研究采用了调查和焦点小组讨论的方法。专业治疗师就自主练习的想法达成了一致。结果显示自主练习方法存在差异。自主练习在中风和一般康复中很常见。该研究为治疗师提供了自主练习的小贴士。包括他们规定这些活动的内容、方式和原因。治疗师应该考虑每个人的目标。他们应该了解有助于自主练习的因素。我们了解治疗师正在做的事情。我们支持治疗师将自主练习计划纳入常规护理中。
