Fortin Davide, Leroy Vincent, Carrieri Patrizia, Matias João, Barré Tangui
Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de L'information Médicale, ISSPAM, Marseille, France.
European Union Drugs Agency, Lisbon, Portugal.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2025 Sep;44(6):1666-1679. doi: 10.1111/dar.14090. Epub 2025 Jun 8.
Cannabis is one of the most commonly used psychoactive substances globally. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating cannabis compound increasingly used for various purposes, especially among cannabis users. However, to date, there are no data on the relationships between cannabis and CBD motives. Understanding these relationships and characterising people who co-use cannabis and CBD by their motives can help adapt marketing policies and foster CBD-based harm reduction practices for people who use cannabis.
We selected cannabis users from the third wave of the European Web Survey on Drugs conducted in 21 EU and 9 non-EU countries. Using a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model, we identified factors associated with CBD co-use. We computed Bonferroni-adjusted tetrachoric correlations between cannabis and CBD self-reported motives for use. We computed Spearman's correlations between the number of declared cannabis and CBD motives. We performed an ascending hierarchical classification to identify cannabis-CBD co-user profiles based on their cannabis and CBD motives.
The study sample comprised 35,789 participants (42.3% who co-used CBD). CBD use was associated with reporting cannabis therapeutic-oriented motives. The numbers of motives for cannabis and CBD use were correlated (ρ = 0.49, p < 0.001). Similar motives were highly correlated between substances. Cluster analysis revealed four different co-user profiles.
Individuals who use both cannabis and CBD tend to do so for similar reasons. Considering the safe profile of CBD, further research should explore the potential harm-reduction role of partially substituting tetrahydrocannabinol-based products with CBD-based products among people who use cannabis.
大麻是全球最常用的精神活性物质之一。大麻二酚（CBD）是一种无致醉性的大麻化合物，越来越多地用于各种目的，尤其是在大麻使用者中。然而，迄今为止，尚无关于大麻与CBD使用动机之间关系的数据。了解这些关系并根据动机对同时使用大麻和CBD的人群进行特征描述，有助于调整营销政策，并为使用大麻的人群推广基于CBD的减少伤害措施。
我们从在21个欧盟国家和9个非欧盟国家进行的第三波欧洲药物网络调查中选取大麻使用者。使用多水平混合效应逻辑回归模型，我们确定了与同时使用CBD相关的因素。我们计算了大麻与自我报告的CBD使用动机之间经邦费罗尼校正的四分相关系数。我们计算了宣称的大麻和CBD使用动机数量之间的斯皮尔曼相关系数。我们进行了升序层次分类，以根据大麻和CBD使用动机确定大麻-CBD共同使用者概况。
研究样本包括35789名参与者（42.3%同时使用CBD）。CBD的使用与报告以大麻治疗为导向的动机相关。大麻和CBD的使用动机数量相关（ρ = 0.49，p < 0.001）。不同物质之间的相似动机高度相关。聚类分析揭示了四种不同的共同使用者概况。
同时使用大麻和CBD的个体这样做的原因往往相似。考虑到CBD的安全性，进一步的研究应探索在使用大麻的人群中用基于CBD的产品部分替代基于四氢大麻酚的产品的潜在减少伤害作用。
