Wu Yongfu, Meng Yuan, Zhang Han, Hao Lianglu, Zeng Tao, Shi Yan, Chen Yunhe, Qiao Ni, Ren Yibin
College of Agriculture and Biological Engineering Longdong University Qingyang China.
College of Resources and Environmental Science Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou China.
Geohealth. 2025 Jun 6;9(6):e2024GH001126. doi: 10.1029/2024GH001126. eCollection 2025 Jun.
During the first two decades of the 21st century, the level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution in urban atmospheric particulate matter (PM) in China significantly increased. By combining data from more than 6,695 individual samples covering 89 typical cities (population > 0.5 million people) across China, this study focuses on evaluating the health risks to urban residents and the ecological risks to the surrounding environment from PAHs in PM using the methods of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and sediment quality standards. The PAH contents and contamination levels in Central China (CC) were lower than those in South China (SC) and North China (NC). NC exhibited the most severe PAH pollution and greatest ecological risk, while CC had the highest population density and gross domestic product. The incremental lifetime cancer risk and hazard index values for people in NC were greater than those for people in CC and SC, and the health risk increased with increasing latitude. Based on ecological risk criteria and standard assessment methods, PAHs in PM in China pose a potential ecological risk, and the risk of harmful biological effects follows the order of NC > CC > SC. Given the significant risks of PAHs to people, animals and plants at both the national and global scales, under the guidance of the One Health concept of the World Health Organization, it is necessary to comprehensively manage PAHs in PM and reduce their threats to humans and ecosystems.
在21世纪的头二十年，中国城市大气颗粒物（PM）中的多环芳烃（PAH）污染水平显著上升。本研究通过整合来自中国89个典型城市（人口超过50万）的6695多个个体样本的数据，采用美国环境保护局的方法和沉积物质量标准，重点评估了PM中PAHs对城市居民的健康风险以及对周边环境的生态风险。中国中部（CC）的PAH含量和污染水平低于华南（SC）和华北（NC）。NC的PAH污染最严重，生态风险最大，而CC的人口密度和国内生产总值最高。NC地区人群的终身癌症风险增量和危害指数值高于CC和SC地区人群，且健康风险随纬度升高而增加。基于生态风险标准和标准评估方法，中国PM中的PAHs存在潜在生态风险，有害生物效应风险顺序为NC＞CC＞SC。鉴于PAHs在国家和全球尺度上对人类、动物和植物都有重大风险，在世界卫生组织“同一健康”概念的指导下，有必要对PM中的PAHs进行全面管理，降低其对人类和生态系统的威胁。
