Fusaro Vincent A, Baidoo Christopher E, Collier K Megan, Coley Rebekah Levine
Boston College, School of Social Work, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States.
Vanderbilt University, Peabody College of Education and Human Development, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, United States.
Data Brief. 2025 May 7;60:111626. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2025.111626. eCollection 2025 Jun.
This dataset documents implementation of the federal Emergency Rental Assistance program (ERA) in the U.S. states. ERA was a transfer, initiated in 2021, of over $46 billion in federal funds to states and other levels of government to stabilize housing for vulnerable renter households at risk of housing instability or experiencing economic hardship as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Governments implementing ERA programs were given discretion over program rules and processes within federal guidelines. Variation in eligibility rules and procedures, benefits, and other aspects of these programs could be associated with differences in program take-up or beneficiary outcomes. We used a policy mapping process to gather information on ERA programs in 49 of the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia and encoded program variation in a dataset of 75 variables documenting program differences in start and end dates, eligibility policies such as income and hardship verification procedures, and benefit policies such as allowable expenses beyond rent and rental arrearage (e.g., coverage of utilities) and whether payments went only to the landlord or could be directed to the tenant. These data can be used for describing variation in ERA programs and studying the effects of policy differences, important tasks for understanding the social and economic policy response to the pandemic. Lessons drawn from ERA could inform the design of and research on other social welfare programs and policies.
该数据集记录了美国各州联邦紧急租赁援助计划（ERA）的实施情况。ERA是一项于2021年启动的转移计划，将超过460亿美元的联邦资金转移到各州和其他政府层面，以帮助面临住房不稳定风险或因新冠疫情而陷入经济困境的弱势租户家庭稳定住房。实施ERA计划的政府在联邦指导方针范围内对计划规则和流程拥有自由裁量权。这些计划在资格规则和程序、福利以及其他方面的差异可能与计划参与率或受益结果的差异有关。我们采用了政策映射流程，收集了美国50个州中的49个州以及哥伦比亚特区的ERA计划信息，并将计划差异编码到一个包含75个变量的数据集中，这些变量记录了计划在开始和结束日期、资格政策（如收入和困难核实程序）以及福利政策（如租金和拖欠租金之外的允许费用，如水电费）方面的差异，以及付款是仅支付给房东还是也可以直接支付给租户。这些数据可用于描述ERA计划的差异，并研究政策差异的影响，这对于理解应对疫情的社会和经济政策至关重要。从ERA中吸取的经验教训可为其他社会福利计划和政策的设计与研究提供参考。
