Santos Carina Caren, Braga Bruna Cardoso, Villela Severino Delmar Junqueira, Dos Santos Gomes Raphael, Verardo Lucas Lima, Vitor Cláudio Manoel Teixeira, de Paula Leonel Fernando
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, MG, 39100-000, Brazil.
School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74691-835, Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 Jun 10;57(5):254. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04511-7.
Using a source of non-protein nitrogen and ionophores can improve microbial efficiency, promoting greater dry matter intake and digestibility, less energy loss, and, consequently, increased milk yield. This study evaluated the performance of crossbred dairy cows receiving diets with different levels of slow-release urea (SRU) with or without propolis extract. Eight multiparous cows (Holstein x Gir) were used, with an initial average body weight of 550 kg in the same lactation period and with an average of 15 kg in milk yield. Cows were distributed into two simultaneous 4 × 4 Latin squares designs. The experiment lasted 84 days and was divided into four 21-day sub-periods. The first 14-d were used to adapt to the diet, while the remaining 7-d were used for data collection. The treatments were: 1) 150 g of SRU (SRU150), 2) 300 g of SRU (SRU300), 3) 150 g of SRU + 20 g of propolis (SRU150P), and 4) 300 g of SRU + 20 g of propolis. The cows were managed on pasture, supplemented with concentrate. The inclusion of propolis extract did not affect dry matter intake, digestibility, milk yield, or composition. The supply of 300 g of slow-release urea promoted an increase in dry matter intake from pasture and reduced concentrate intake without affecting milk yield and composition.
使用非蛋白氮源和离子载体可以提高微生物效率，促进更高的干物质摄入量和消化率，减少能量损失，从而提高牛奶产量。本研究评估了不同缓释尿素（SRU）水平且添加或不添加蜂胶提取物的日粮对杂交奶牛生产性能的影响。选用了8头经产奶牛（荷斯坦×吉尔），在同一泌乳期，初始平均体重为550千克，平均日产奶量为15千克。奶牛被分配到两个同步的4×4拉丁方设计中。试验持续84天，分为四个21天的子周期。前14天用于适应日粮，其余7天用于数据收集。处理方式如下：1）150克SRU（SRU150），2）300克SRU（SRU300），3）150克SRU + 20克蜂胶（SRU150P），4）300克SRU + 20克蜂胶。奶牛在牧场饲养，并补充精饲料。添加蜂胶提取物不影响干物质摄入量、消化率、牛奶产量或组成。供应300克缓释尿素可促进牧场干物质摄入量增加，并减少精饲料摄入量，而不影响牛奶产量和组成。
