Zhang Lei, Wu Yixian, Zhang Jiarui, Qiu Junxiong, Xiao Yipu, Chen Zhuochen, Zhang Yanwei, Han Jingjun
Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 May 26;12:1471402. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1471402. eCollection 2025.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary sarcoidosis pose significant disease burdens on a global scale.
The underlying data was derived from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. The disease burden was quantified through age-standardized rates (ASRs) and numbers of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalence, and incidence. The indicators' dynamic trends are captured through Joinpoint analysis and its average annual percentage change (AAPC). Concentration Index (CI) and Slope Index (SI) were employed to characterize the imbalances in the global disease burden. The age-period-cohort model was utilized to elucidate temporal trends in sociobiological factors on the disease burden.
Between 1992 and 2021, the ASRs of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased globally. For another, the imbalanced distribution of disease burden increased, with more pronounced in high socio-demographic index (SDI) regions. Besides, age-standardized DALY rates (ASDRs) for ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis were positively associated with age and period effects worldwide and complexly associated with cohort effects, increasing between 1882 and 1928 birthed cohorts and reducing after 1982. However, the distinct period-effect and cohort-effect curves observed in Africa which illustrate a negative correlation trend are noteworthy.
Between 1992 and 2021, the global burden of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis increased, which were higher in high SDI countries and among the elderly. Furthermore, the disease burden increased with age and period and decreased for those born after 1982. However, the risk ratios of disease in Africa were negative with period-effect and cohort-effects, deserving effective interventions.
间质性肺疾病（ILD）和肺结节病在全球范围内造成了重大疾病负担。
基础数据来自《2021年全球疾病负担（GBD）》数据库。通过年龄标准化率（ASR）、伤残调整生命年（DALY）数量、患病率和发病率对疾病负担进行量化。通过Joinpoint分析及其平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）来捕捉指标的动态趋势。采用浓度指数（CI）和斜率指数（SI）来描述全球疾病负担的不均衡情况。利用年龄-时期-队列模型来阐明社会生物学因素对疾病负担的时间趋势。
1992年至2021年期间，全球ILD和肺结节病的ASR有所上升。此外，疾病负担的不均衡分布加剧，在高社会人口学指数（SDI）地区更为明显。此外，全球范围内，ILD和肺结节病的年龄标准化DALY率（ASDR）与年龄和时期效应呈正相关，与队列效应呈复杂相关，在1882年至1928年出生的队列中上升，在1982年之后下降。然而，非洲观察到的明显的时期效应和队列效应曲线呈现出负相关趋势，值得关注。
1992年至2021年期间，全球ILD和肺结节病的负担增加，在高SDI国家和老年人中更高。此外，疾病负担随年龄和时期增加，在1982年以后出生的人群中下降。然而，非洲疾病的风险比在时期效应和队列效应方面呈负相关，值得采取有效干预措施。
