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预防和政策在保护青少年免受机动车碰撞、枪支伤害及死亡方面的作用。

The role of prevention and policy in protecting teens from motor vehicle crash and firearm injuries and deaths.

作者信息

Sun Vivien K, Dodington James, Chamberlain Lisa J, Lee Lois K, Bogue Clifford W

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.

Department of Pediatrics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

出版信息

Pediatr Res. 2025 Jun;97(7):2170-2172. doi: 10.1038/s41390-025-04187-7. Epub 2025 Jun 10.

DOI:10.1038/s41390-025-04187-7
PMID:40494866
Abstract

Motor vehicle deaths have declined due to safety regulations and policies, but firearm deaths have not seen similar efforts or outcomes. No regulatory agencies focus on firearm safety and some laws prohibit liability for firearm manufacturers from firearm-related harm. Challenges to federal laws prohibiting sales of handguns to individuals under 21 years old may have important implications for suicides among 18-20 year-olds and for homicides in all ages. Secure firearm storage education and Community Violence Intervention programs are two strategies to reduce firearm-related injuries. Ongoing research and advocacy are essential to reduce pediatric firearm violence.

摘要

由于安全法规和政策,机动车死亡人数有所下降,但枪支死亡人数却没有类似的举措或成效。没有监管机构关注枪支安全,一些法律还免除了枪支制造商对枪支相关伤害的责任。对禁止向21岁以下个人出售手枪的联邦法律提出的质疑,可能对18至20岁人群的自杀以及各年龄段的杀人案件产生重要影响。安全的枪支储存教育和社区暴力干预计划是减少枪支相关伤害的两种策略。持续的研究和宣传对于减少儿童枪支暴力至关重要。

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The Updated Haddon Matrix for Pediatric Firearm Injuries.小儿枪支伤害的更新版哈登矩阵
JAMA Surg. 2024 Nov 1;159(11):1229-1230. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2024.2753.
2
Variations by State in Firearm Suicide Among US Children and Young Adults, 2016-2021.2016 - 2021年美国儿童和青年成人枪支自杀的州间差异
JAMA Pediatr. 2024 Jul 1;178(7):722-725. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.1128.
3
Trends and Disparities in Firearm Fatalities in the United States, 1990-2021.美国 1990-2021 年枪支死亡趋势和差异。
JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Nov 1;5(11):e2244221. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.44221.
4
Firearm Injury Prevention Advocacy: Lessons Learned and Future Directions.枪支伤害预防宣传:经验教训与未来方向。
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2023 Feb;70(1):67-82. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2022.09.002.
5
Crossing Lines - A Change in the Leading Cause of Death among U.S. Children.跨越界限——美国儿童主要死因的变化
N Engl J Med. 2022 Apr 21;386(16):1485-1487. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2200169. Epub 2022 Apr 16.
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Australian Firearm Regulation at 25 - Successes, Ongoing Challenges, and Lessons for the World.澳大利亚枪支管制25年——成就、持续挑战及对世界的启示
N Engl J Med. 2021 Apr 29;384(17):1581-1583. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2102574. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
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Distracted Driving Laws and Motor Vehicle Crash Fatalities.分心驾驶法规与机动车事故死亡人数
Pediatrics. 2020 Jun;145(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-3621. Epub 2020 May 15.
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Rates and correlates of risky firearm behaviors among adolescents and young adults treated in an urban emergency department.城市急诊部门治疗的青少年和年轻成人中的危险枪支行为的发生率和相关因素。
Prev Med. 2020 Jan;130:105891. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105891. Epub 2019 Nov 11.
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Lethal Means Counseling for Parents of Youth Seeking Emergency Care for Suicidality.为有自杀倾向的青少年寻求急诊护理的家长提供致命手段咨询。
West J Emerg Med. 2016 Jan;17(1):8-14. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2015.11.28590. Epub 2016 Jan 12.
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Violent reinjury and mortality among youth seeking emergency department care for assault-related injury: a 2-year prospective cohort study.暴力再伤害和因与攻击相关的伤害而到急诊就诊的青少年的死亡率:一项为期 2 年的前瞻性队列研究。
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