MacWilliams Jacob, Padimi Venkatesh, Carter Olivia, Brownstein Korey, Stansell Zachary, Gordon Tyler, Nachappa Punya
Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, U.S.A..
Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, U.S.A.
J Cannabis Res. 2025 Jun 11;7(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s42238-025-00291-x.
Cannabis sativa has unique secondary metabolites known as cannabinoids, which include tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) and more than 100 related secondary metabolites. There is increasing evidence that cannabinoids can affect insect fecundity and survival. In this study, we assessed the role of a minor cannabinoid, cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA) on fecundity and survival of C. sativa-adapted specialist aphid, cannabis aphid (Phorodon cannabis) and non-adapted, generalist aphid, green peach aphid (Myzus persicae).
We evaluated a panel of high and low-CBDVA hemp genotypes obtained from the USDA-ARS Hemp Germplasm Collection at the Plant Genetic Resources Unit for cannabis aphid resistance in greenhouse experiments. Trichome measurements were recorded for genotypes with the highest and lowest aphid counts. To confirm the role of CBDVA, we performed artificial feeding assays by supplementing CBDVA in aphid diets in the laboratory.
We found that cannabis populations were significantly higher (Mean ± SE: 221.57 ± 37.27) on a low-CBDVA genotype compared to a high-CBDVA genotype (12.58 ± 3.53) after 14 days of aphid infestation. The high-CBDVA genotype had significantly more trichomes than the low-CBDVA genotype. Supplementation of CBDVA in artificial diets decreased cannabis aphid fecundity from 109.56 ± 10.01 nymphs on diet control and 52.67 ± 7.79 nymphs on DMSO control to 18.71 ± 5.21 nymphs on 1 mM CBDVA + DMSO supplementation after 4 days. CBDVA + DMSO supplementation decreased green peach aphid fecundity from 72.36 ± 6.82 on diet control and 72.50 ± 3.97 on DMSO control to 11.60 ± 2.60 on 0.5 mM CBDVA after 3 days.
Our results show that CBDVA has insecticidal activity against cannabis aphids and green peach aphids. CBDVA's potential as a pure essential oil may be an environmentally sustainable pest management option for organic production systems.
大麻含有独特的次生代谢产物，即大麻素，其中包括四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）以及100多种相关的次生代谢产物。越来越多的证据表明，大麻素会影响昆虫的繁殖力和存活率。在本研究中，我们评估了一种次要大麻素——大麻二酚戊酸（CBDVA）对适应大麻的专食性蚜虫——大麻蚜（Phorodon cannabis）以及非适应型广食性蚜虫——桃蚜（Myzus persicae）的繁殖力和存活率的作用。
我们在温室实验中评估了从美国农业部农业研究局大麻种质资源库获得的一系列高CBDVA和低CBDVA大麻基因型对大麻蚜的抗性。记录了蚜虫数量最多和最少的基因型的腺毛测量数据。为了证实CBDVA的作用，我们在实验室通过在蚜虫饲料中添加CBDVA进行人工饲养试验。
我们发现，在蚜虫侵染14天后，与高CBDVA基因型（12.58±3.53）相比，低CBDVA基因型上的大麻蚜种群数量显著更高（平均值±标准误：221.57±37.27）。高CBDVA基因型的腺毛明显比低CBDVA基因型更多。在人工饲料中添加CBDVA后，4天后大麻蚜的繁殖力从对照饲料组的109.56±10.01只若蚜和二甲基亚砜（DMSO）对照组的52.67±7.79只若蚜降至1 mM CBDVA + DMSO添加组的18.71±5.21只若蚜。添加CBDVA + DMSO后，3天后桃蚜的繁殖力从对照饲料组的72.36±6.82只和DMSO对照组的72.50±3.97只降至0.5 mM CBDVA组的11.60±2.60只。
我们的结果表明，CBDVA对大麻蚜和桃蚜具有杀虫活性。CBDVA作为一种纯精油的潜力可能是有机生产系统中一种环境可持续的害虫管理选择。
