Tiet Quyen Q, Farias Sarah Tomaszewski, Tran Duyen, Park Van T, Gavett Brandon E, Hinton Ladson, Mai Lauren G, Nguyen Christopher, Whitmer Rachel A, Vuong Quyen, Harvey Danielle, Meyer Oanh L
California School of Professional Psychology PhD Clinical Psychology Program Alliant International University Emeryville California USA.
National Center for PTSD Dissemination and Training Division VA Palo Alto Health Care System Menlo Park California USA.
Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2025 Jun 11;11(2):e70105. doi: 10.1002/trc2.70105. eCollection 2025 Apr-Jun.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) are increasing globally, including in the United States, but the fast-growing Vietnamese American population remains understudied, with a significant lack of culturally adapted neuropsychological assessment tools. The Vietnamese Insights into Cognitive Aging Program (VIP) addresses this gap as the first longitudinal cohort study focused on this community.
This paper (1) describes the assessment instruments, including a neuropsychological battery selected for the VIP, and (2) introduces the Translation with Ongoing Adaptation and Improvement (ToAI) framework, an innovative and practical method for culturally informed translation and adaptation.
The ToAI framework followed a nine-step process: preparation, translation, native-speaker review, VIP team review, external panel review, pilot testing, proofreading, final formatting, and ongoing review and improvement.
The ToAI framework was efficient, and the ongoing improvement component was particularly beneficial. It is recommended for inclusion in future cross-cultural research involving translation and adaptation processes.
The Translation with Ongoing Adaptation and Improvement (ToAI) framework.Cross-cultural translation and adaptation of psychological assessment instruments.Neuropsychological assessment for Vietnamese American older adults.The Vietnamese Insights into Cognitive Aging Program (VIP).
阿尔茨海默病（AD）及相关痴呆症（ADRD）在全球范围内，包括在美国，都呈上升趋势，但快速增长的越南裔美国人群体仍未得到充分研究，且严重缺乏文化适应性神经心理学评估工具。越南认知老化洞察项目（VIP）作为首个聚焦该群体的纵向队列研究，填补了这一空白。
本文（1）描述了评估工具，包括为VIP选定的一套神经心理测试组合，以及（2）介绍了持续适应与改进翻译（ToAI）框架，这是一种用于文化适应性翻译和调整的创新实用方法。
ToAI框架遵循九个步骤：准备、翻译、母语者审核、VIP团队审核、外部专家小组审核、预测试、校对、最终排版以及持续审核与改进。
ToAI框架效率高，持续改进部分尤其有益。建议将其纳入未来涉及翻译和调整过程的跨文化研究。
持续适应与改进翻译（ToAI）框架。心理评估工具的跨文化翻译和调整。对越南裔美国老年人的神经心理学评估。越南认知老化洞察项目（VIP）。
