Ghanim Ramy, Lee Yoon Jae, Byun Garan, Jackson Joy, Ding Julia Z, Feller Elaine, Kim Eugene, Aygun Dilay, Kaushik Anika, Cig Alaz, Park Jihoon, Healy Sean, Cunin Camille E, Gumyusenge Aristide, Yeo Woon Hong, Abramson Alex
bioRxiv. 2025 Jun 18:2025.06.04.657863. doi: 10.1101/2025.06.04.657863.
Bioelectronics have transformed our capacity to monitor and treat diseases; however, a lack of micrometer-scale, energy efficient communication options limit these devices from forming integrated networks that enable full-body, sensor driven, physiological control. Inspired by our nervous system's ability to transmit information via ionic conduction, we engineered a Smart Wireless Artificial Nervous System (SWANS) that utilizes the body's own tissue to transmit signals between wearables and implantables. When SWANS emits signals, it generates voltage gradients throughout the body that selectively turn on implanted transistor switches when exceeding their gate threshold voltages. SWANS' implantable communication components maintain syringe-injectable footprints and >15x greater power efficiencies than Bluetooth and Near Field Communication. In vivo studies in rats demonstrate SWANS' ability to wirelessly regulate dual hind leg motor control by connecting electronic-skin sensors to implantable neural interfaces via ionic signaling as well as coordinate bioelectronics throughout the epidermal, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, and gastrointestinal spaces.
生物电子学已经改变了我们监测和治疗疾病的能力；然而，缺乏微米级、节能的通信选项限制了这些设备形成集成网络，而这种网络能够实现全身、由传感器驱动的生理控制。受我们神经系统通过离子传导传输信息能力的启发，我们设计了一种智能无线人工神经系统（SWANS），它利用人体自身组织在可穿戴设备和植入式设备之间传输信号。当SWANS发射信号时，它会在全身产生电压梯度，当超过其栅极阈值电压时，会选择性地开启植入的晶体管开关。SWANS的植入式通信组件保持了注射器可注射的尺寸，并且比蓝牙和近场通信的功率效率高15倍以上。在大鼠体内进行的研究表明，SWANS能够通过离子信号将电子皮肤传感器连接到植入式神经接口，从而无线调节双后肢的运动控制，以及在表皮、皮下、腹腔和胃肠道空间协调生物电子学。
