Pasche Josephine M, Sawlani Roshni, Buttrós Victor Hugo, Desaeger Johan, Garrett Karen A, Martins Samuel J
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
Department of Entomology and Nematology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, 33598, USA.
Microbiome. 2025 Jun 12;13(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s40168-025-02132-8.
The emergence of the guava root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne enterolobii) poses a significant threat to tomato yields globally. This study evaluated the impact of collagen and chitin soil amendments on soil microbial composition and function (fungal and bacterial communities) and their effects on tomato plant health and M. enterolobii infection under standard (5000 eggs plant) and high (50,000 eggs plant) inoculum pressure. Conducted in a greenhouse setting, the study investigated the effectiveness of these amendments in nurturing beneficial microbial communities across both native and agricultural soils.
Both collagen and chitin were effective in reducing nematode egg counts by up to 66% and 84% under standard and high inoculum pressure, respectively, and enhanced plant health parameters (biomass and chlorophyll content). Moreover, a microbiome shift led to an increase in bacterial (Kitasatospora, Bacillus, and Streptomyces) and fungal (Phialemonium) genera, known for their chitinase, collagenase, and plant-parasitic nematode control. Among the microbes, Streptomyces spp. were found among the core microbiome and associated with a lower disease incidence assessed through a phenotype-OTU network analysis (PhONA). Under standard inoculum, higher metabolite expression was observed with amino acids representing a majority among the metabolite groups.
The findings highlight the potential of collagen and chitin to mitigate M. enterolobii infection by fostering beneficial soil microbial communities. Video Abstract.
番石榴根结线虫（南方根结线虫）的出现对全球番茄产量构成重大威胁。本研究评估了胶原蛋白和几丁质土壤改良剂对土壤微生物组成和功能（真菌和细菌群落）的影响，以及它们在标准（每株5000个卵）和高（每株50000个卵）接种压力下对番茄植株健康和南方根结线虫感染的影响。该研究在温室环境中进行，调查了这些改良剂在培育原生土壤和农业土壤中有益微生物群落方面的有效性。
在标准和高接种压力下，胶原蛋白和几丁质分别有效减少线虫卵数量达66%和84%，并提高了植株健康参数（生物量和叶绿素含量）。此外，微生物群落的转变导致了以几丁质酶、胶原酶和控制植物寄生线虫而闻名的细菌（北里孢菌属、芽孢杆菌属和链霉菌属）和真菌（瓶梗霉属）属的增加。在微生物中，通过表型-OTU网络分析（PhONA）评估发现链霉菌属存在于核心微生物群落中，且与较低的发病率相关。在标准接种条件下，观察到更高的代谢物表达，其中氨基酸在代谢物组中占大多数。
研究结果突出了胶原蛋白和几丁质通过培育有益土壤微生物群落来减轻南方根结线虫感染的潜力。视频摘要。
