Barocas R, Seifer R, Sameroff A J
Am J Community Psychol. 1985 Aug;13(4):433-47. doi: 10.1007/BF00911218.
Children participating in a longitudinal study of risk for serious mental disorder were assessed at 48 months of age. Six risk factors were defined: negative life events, e.g., illness/injury to the child; maternal hospitalizations, for all reasons; number of children in the family; maternal psychiatric status; maternal cognitive orientation toward child-rearing; and single-parent family. The results show that the number of risk factors is negatively related to social and intellectual adjustment; a rigid conforming maternal cognitive orientation is associated with diminished intellectual and social performance; maternal psychiatric status is associated with lessened social performance. Additionally, the combination of a rigid conforming maternal cognitive orientation with negative life events is associated with diminished social adjustment. A discussion examines these results in a context defined by developmental and crisis theory.
参与一项严重精神障碍风险纵向研究的儿童在48个月大时接受了评估。定义了六个风险因素：负面生活事件，如儿童患病/受伤；母亲因各种原因住院；家庭中孩子的数量；母亲的精神状态；母亲对育儿的认知取向；以及单亲家庭。结果表明，风险因素的数量与社会和智力适应呈负相关；母亲刻板守旧的认知取向与智力和社会表现下降有关；母亲的精神状态与社会表现减弱有关。此外，母亲刻板守旧的认知取向与负面生活事件相结合与社会适应能力下降有关。一篇讨论文章在发展理论和危机理论所界定的背景下审视了这些结果。
