Carretero Manuel Moriche, Parejo Ana de Los Reyes Sánchez, Pérez Marc Biarnés, Amores Remedios Revilla, Gómez Ángel Pérez, Martinez-Perez Clara
Ophthalmology Department, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, 28703 Madrid, Spain.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2025 May 29;14(11):3837. doi: 10.3390/jcm14113837.
: This exploratory study aimed to assess the prevalence of retinal ischemic perivascular lesions (RIPLs) in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or associated risk factors and to investigate their potential role as non-invasive biomarkers of systemic ischemia using optical coherence tomography (OCT). : A prospective observational study was conducted between July and October 2022. A total of 665 participants aged 40-90 years underwent macular OCT imaging using the Topcon Maestro 2 system. Participants were classified into two groups: those with ischemic CVD or risk factors ( = 297) and healthy individuals without cardiovascular conditions ( = 368). RIPLs were defined by inner nuclear layer thinning and outer nuclear layer expansion in perivascular regions and were identified by masked consensus of three independent evaluators. : The overall prevalence of RIPLs was 0.75% (five cases), exclusively observed in the diseased group (1.68%), with no cases identified among healthy individuals ( = 0.044). Stratified analysis showed an increase in RIPL prevalence with age, reaching 2.24% in the 70-79 years cohort. Statistically significant associations were found between RIPLs and hypertension, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, and thrombosis (all < 0.001). No significant association was observed with sex, myocardial infarction, or RIPL presence as an independent predictor ( = 0.08). : Their identification through OCT during routine ophthalmologic examinations highlights a possible new avenue for early cardiovascular risk stratification. Nevertheless, the extremely low number of RIPL cases detected (only five out of six hundred and sixty-five participants; 0.75%) significantly limits the statistical power of the analysis and precludes strong conclusions. These findings should be regarded as preliminary and hypothesis-generating, requiring confirmation in larger, more diverse populations.
本探索性研究旨在评估患有心血管疾病（CVD）或相关危险因素的个体中视网膜缺血性血管周围病变（RIPLs）的患病率，并使用光学相干断层扫描（OCT）研究其作为全身缺血非侵入性生物标志物的潜在作用。：2022年7月至10月进行了一项前瞻性观察研究。共有665名年龄在40至90岁之间的参与者使用拓普康Maestro 2系统进行了黄斑OCT成像。参与者被分为两组：患有缺血性CVD或危险因素的参与者（n = 297）和没有心血管疾病的健康个体（n = 368）。RIPLs通过血管周围区域内核层变薄和外核层扩张来定义，并由三名独立评估者通过盲法共识确定。：RIPLs的总体患病率为0.75%（5例），仅在患病组中观察到（1.68%），健康个体中未发现病例（P = 0.044）。分层分析显示，RIPLs患病率随年龄增加，在70至79岁队列中达到2.24%。RIPLs与高血压、血脂异常、缺血性心脏病和血栓形成之间存在统计学显著关联（均P < 0.001）。未观察到与性别、心肌梗死或RIPL存在作为独立预测因素之间的显著关联（P = 0.08）。：在常规眼科检查中通过OCT识别它们突出了早期心血管风险分层的一个可能新途径。然而，检测到的RIPL病例数量极少（665名参与者中仅5例；0.75%），显著限制了分析的统计效力，无法得出有力结论。这些发现应被视为初步的且产生假设的，需要在更大、更多样化的人群中得到证实。
