Belaidi Besma, Messai Abderraouf, Belebchouche Cherif, Boutlikht Mourad, Hebbache Kamel, Douadi Abdellah, Moretti Laura
Materials and Durability of Constructions Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Sciences of Technology, University of Constantine 1 Frères Mentouri, Constantine 25000, Algeria.
Civil Engineering Research Laboratory of Sétif (LRGCS), Department of Civil Engineering, Setif 1 University-Ferhat Abbas, Sétif 19000, Algeria.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Jun 5;18(11):2667. doi: 10.3390/ma18112667.
The cement industry is a major contributor to global CO emissions, driving the research for sustainable alternatives. Olive biomass ash (OBA), a byproduct from burning all types of biomass from the olive tree, has emerged as a potential supplementary cementitious material (SCM). This study investigates the effects of incorporating olive pomace ash (OPA) as a partial cement substitute (0% to 50% by weight) on mortar properties over extended curing periods. Workability, compressive and flexural strengths, water absorption, and freeze-thaw resistance were evaluated. Up to 20% OPA replacement improved workability while maintaining acceptable strength and durability. Beyond this level, mechanical properties and frost resistance decreased significantly. Correlation analyses revealed strong relationships between flow time and wet bulk density (R = 0.93), an exponential relationship between 28-day compressive strength and water absorption (R = 0.87), and linear correlations between pre- and post-freeze-thaw mechanical properties (R ≥ 0.99 for both compressive and flexural strengths). The results demonstrate that optimal OPA incorporation enhances mortar performance without compromising structural integrity and provides a viable strategy for valorizing agricultural waste.
水泥行业是全球碳排放的主要贡献者，这推动了对可持续替代材料的研究。橄榄生物质灰（OBA）是燃烧橄榄树各类生物质产生的副产品，已成为一种潜在的辅助胶凝材料（SCM）。本研究调查了在延长养护期内，掺入橄榄果渣灰（OPA）作为部分水泥替代品（重量百分比为0%至50%）对砂浆性能的影响。评估了工作性、抗压强度和抗折强度、吸水率及抗冻性。OPA替代量高达20%时可改善工作性，同时保持可接受的强度和耐久性。超过此水平，力学性能和抗冻性显著下降。相关性分析表明，流动时间与湿堆积密度之间存在强相关性（R = 0.93），28天抗压强度与吸水率之间存在指数关系（R = 0.87），冻融前后力学性能之间存在线性相关性（抗压强度和抗折强度的R均≥0.99）。结果表明，最佳的OPA掺入量可提高砂浆性能，同时不损害结构完整性，并为农业废弃物的资源化利用提供了可行策略。
