Roca Judith, Sanromà-Ortiz Montserrat, Cemeli Tania, Tort-Nasarre Glòria, Santamaría Ana Lavedán, Espart Anna, Cantos-Puig Carme, Campoy Carme
Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, 25199 Lleida, Spain.
Health Education, Nursing, Sustainability and Innovation Research Group (GREISI), 25199 Lleida, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 May 23;13(11):1232. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13111232.
: Heat stress in agricultural work is a significant health risk, especially due to dehydration as a result of exposure to heat, physical exertion, and inadequate hydration practices. This problem becomes even more critical when working outdoors, where extreme conditions can intensify the effects. The main objective of the present study was to determine the existing interventions to prevent or mitigate dehydration among agricultural workers exposed to heat stress during their workday outdoors, in both real and simulated contexts. A systematic review was performed in accordance to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The search strategy combined MeSH terms and an open search in six scientific databases. Relevant studies were selected and data from the interventions were extracted, following the guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for systematic reviews. The studies were assessed with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the GRADE assessment framework. : Nine studies were included, which focused on interventions such as education programs, cooling devices, and hydration strategies. The results showed that adequate access to water, rest in the shade, the use of cooling bandanas, and hydration backpacks, were effective in reducing dehydration and heat stress among agricultural workers exposed to high temperatures. : An integrated approach combining education, hydration, and workplace improvements is essential to prevent dehydration and heat stress among agricultural workers. While body cooling is promising, further research and investments in infrastructure are needed to ensure access to safe drinking water, shaded rest areas, cooling technologies, educational initiatives, and health monitoring systems.
农业工作中的热应激是一项重大的健康风险，尤其是由于暴露于高温、体力消耗以及饮水习惯不当导致的脱水。在户外工作时，这个问题变得更加严峻，因为极端条件会加剧其影响。本研究的主要目的是确定在真实和模拟环境下，针对户外工作日期间暴露于热应激的农业工人预防或减轻脱水的现有干预措施。按照PRISMA（系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目）指南进行了系统评价。检索策略结合了医学主题词（MeSH）和在六个科学数据库中的开放式检索。根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）的系统评价指南，选择相关研究并提取干预措施的数据。使用混合方法评估工具（MMAT）和GRADE评估框架对研究进行评估。纳入了九项研究，这些研究聚焦于教育项目、冷却设备和补水策略等干预措施。结果表明，充足的饮水供应、在阴凉处休息、使用冷却头巾和补水背包，对于减少暴露于高温的农业工人的脱水和热应激是有效的。结合教育、补水和工作场所改善的综合方法对于预防农业工人的脱水和热应激至关重要。虽然身体降温很有前景，但需要进一步的研究和对基础设施的投资，以确保获得安全饮用水、阴凉休息区、冷却技术、教育倡议和健康监测系统。
