Wang Jingyun, Jost Reed M, Koritala Brooke A, Birch Eileen E
State University of New York College of Optometry, New York City, New York, USA.
Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2025 Sep;45(6):1423-1434. doi: 10.1111/opo.13541. Epub 2025 Jun 13.
To compare the longitudinal development of spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and ocular biometric components in the more hyperopic (MoreH) and less hyperopic (LessH) eyes of children with hyperopic anisometropia.
This prospective longitudinal study included 36 children aged 4 to <13 years with hyperopic anisometropia without strabismus. Based on a best-corrected interocular visual acuity difference ≥0.20 logMAR, participants were classified as amblyopic (N = 31) or non-amblyopic (N = 5). SER was derived from cycloplegic refraction and anisometropia was defined as an interocular SER difference ≥1 D. Axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and keratometry (K1, K2) were obtained. Corneal curvature (CR) was calculated and the AL/CR ratio determined. Mean follow-up was 3.7 ± 1.4 years, with 5.8 ± 2.4 visits per child. A linear mixed-effects model estimated the rate of change for SER and the ocular components, comparing the MoreH and LessH eyes.
Baseline anisometropia was 2.66 ± 1.22 D. There were significant differences between the MoreH and LessH eyes for baseline AL, ACD and AL/CR (all p < 0.05). SER change with age was slower for the MoreH than the LessH eyes (-0.11 vs. -0.31 D/year, p < 0.001). The rates of change for AL (0.11 vs. 0.19 mm/year, p < 0.05) and AL/CR (0.01 vs. 0.02, p < 0.001) also were slower for the MoreH eyes. Anisometropia increased with age in the amblyopic subgroup (0.08 D/year) and decreased in the non-amblyopic subgroup (-0.17/D/year; p < 0.001).
In children with hyperopic anisometropia, axial elongation was slower in the MoreH than in the LessH eyes, particularly in those with amblyopia.
比较远视性屈光参差儿童中，远视程度较高（MoreH）和较低（LessH）的眼睛的等效球镜度（SER）及眼生物测量参数的纵向发育情况。
这项前瞻性纵向研究纳入了36名年龄在4至<13岁之间、无斜视的远视性屈光参差儿童。根据最佳矫正视力双眼差值≥0.20 logMAR，将参与者分为弱视组（N = 31）或非弱视组（N = 5）。SER由散瞳验光得出，屈光参差定义为双眼SER差值≥1 D。测量眼轴长度（AL）、前房深度（ACD）、晶状体厚度（LT）和角膜曲率（K1、K2）。计算角膜曲率（CR）并确定AL/CR比值。平均随访时间为3.7±1.4年，每名儿童平均就诊5.8±2.4次。采用线性混合效应模型估计SER和眼部各参数的变化率，比较MoreH和LessH眼。
基线屈光参差为2.66±1.22 D。MoreH和LessH眼在基线AL、ACD和AL/CR方面存在显著差异（均p<0.05）。MoreH眼的SER随年龄变化比LessH眼慢（-0.11 vs. -Â0.31 D/年，p<0.001）。MoreH眼的AL（0.11 vs. 0.19 mm/年，p<0.05）和AL/CR（0.01 vs. 0.02，p<0.001）变化率也较慢。弱视亚组的屈光参差随年龄增加（0.08 D/年），非弱视亚组则减少（-0.17/D/年；p<0.001）。
在远视性屈光参差儿童中，MoreH眼的眼轴伸长比LessH眼慢，尤其是弱视儿童。
