Gao Junshan, Zhang Zilei, Jiao Yang, Xu Yinghuan, Chen Yuanling, Xue Liang
Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510070, China; Key Laboratory of Big Data Technologies for Food Microbiological Safety, State Administration for Market Regulation, NHC Specialty Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Standard Development, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510070, China.
Inspection and Quarantine Technology Department, Shanghai Customs College, Shanghai 201204, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 Aug 10;989:179854. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179854. Epub 2025 Jun 12.
Human Noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading etiologic agents responsible for viral gastroenteritis. Drinking water (DW) serves as a significant vehicle for the transmission of HuNoVs. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of HuNoVs in drinking water sources (DWS) and DW. A systematic search spanning Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was executed up to July 15, 2024. Following rigorous screening, 76 eligible studies underwent meta-analysis with heterogeneity assessment via Stata 14.0 using a random-effects model. The results indicated that the pooled occurrence of HuNoVs was 11 % (95 % CI: 8-14), with occurrence of 15 % (95 % CI: 10-21) in DWS and 6 % (95 % CI: 3-9) in DW. Subgroup meta-analysis demonstrated that genogroup II (GII) of HuNoVs exhibited the highest contamination occurrence of 7 % (95 % CI: 4-10), with GII.4 and GII.17 being the predominant genotypes. The two continents with the highest number of studies were Asia (n = 27) and Europe (n = 19), with HuNoVs occurrence of 14 % (95 % CI: 8-22) and 15 % (95 % CI: 7-26), respectively. Furthermore, the occurrence showed no significant differences across the four seasons: in spring, the occurrence was 11 % (95 % CI: 3-23); in summer, 15 % (95 % CI: 7-25); in autumn, 11 % (95 % CI: 2-24); and in winter, 18 % (95 % CI: 10-27). These findings provided valuable epidemiological insight into the global occurrence, seasonal variation, and genotypic distribution of HuNoVs in DWS and DW, aiding policy development and public health strategies.
人诺如病毒（HuNoVs）是病毒性肠胃炎的主要病原体。饮用水是HuNoVs传播的重要媒介。本研究旨在评估饮用水源（DWS）和饮用水中HuNoVs的存在情况。截至2024年7月15日，在科学网、EMBASE、PubMed和Cochrane对照试验中央注册库中进行了系统检索。经过严格筛选，76项符合条件的研究使用随机效应模型通过Stata 14.0进行了荟萃分析和异质性评估。结果表明，HuNoVs的合并检出率为11%（95%CI：8-14），其中饮用水源中的检出率为15%（95%CI：10-21），饮用水中的检出率为6%（95%CI：3-9）。亚组荟萃分析表明，HuNoVs的基因II组（GII）污染发生率最高，为7%（95%CI：4-10），其中GII.4和GII.17是主要基因型。研究数量最多的两大洲是亚洲（n = 27）和欧洲（n = 19），HuNoVs的检出率分别为14%（95%CI：8-22）和15%（95%CI：7-26）。此外，四季的检出率无显著差异：春季为11%（95%CI：3-23）；夏季为15%（95%CI：7-25）；秋季为11%（95%CI：2-24）；冬季为18%（95%CI：10-27）。这些发现为全球范围内DWS和饮用水中HuNoVs的发生情况、季节变化和基因型分布提供了有价值的流行病学见解，有助于制定政策和公共卫生策略。
