Si Wenshuai, Song Yiqing, Guo Can, Huang Zhiying, Chen Lei, Xu Fei, Bai Bing, Huo Kaixuan, Wang Shouying
Institute for Agri-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, 201403 Shanghai, China.
School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093 Shanghai, China.
Food Chem X. 2025 May 30;28:102599. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102599. eCollection 2025 May.
This study comprehensively analyzed multiple pesticide residues and their characteristics in commercially available fruits using integrated targeted and non-targeted techniques, with a focus on assessing health risks for children and pregnant women based on cumulative dietary risk models. Results showed 745 samples (7 categories) identified 54 pesticides (88.6 % detection rate; 1.1 % exceeding legal limits), with strawberries and peaches of the highest detection rates (98 %), and grapes the most diverse residues (avg. 6/sample). Risk ranking analysis flagged difenoconazole and indoxacarb as high-risk. Chronic cumulative exposure risks were dominated by hepatotoxic triazole fungicides. Acute risk assessments revealed potential hepatotoxicity concerns for children (3-6 years) and pregnant women consuming grapes/peaches. The Relative Potency Factor (RPF) model, accounting for synergism, showed 4-7 times higher neuro/hepatotoxicity risks than the Hazard Index (HI) model. This first integration of non-targeted screening with multi-model risk assessment provides evidence for strengthening pesticide regulation and protecting sensitive subpopulations.
本研究采用综合靶向和非靶向技术，全面分析了市售水果中的多种农药残留及其特征，重点基于累积膳食风险模型评估儿童和孕妇的健康风险。结果显示，745个样本（7类）检出54种农药（检出率88.6%；超标率1.1%），其中草莓和桃子的检出率最高（98%），葡萄的残留种类最多（平均每个样本6种）。风险排序分析表明，苯醚甲环唑和茚虫威为高风险农药。慢性累积暴露风险主要由具有肝毒性的三唑类杀菌剂所致。急性风险评估显示，食用葡萄/桃子的儿童（3至6岁）和孕妇存在潜在的肝毒性风险。考虑到协同作用的相对效力因子（RPF）模型显示，神经/肝毒性风险比危害指数（HI）模型高4至7倍。这种首次将非靶向筛查与多模型风险评估相结合的方法，为加强农药监管和保护敏感亚人群提供了依据。
