Dorjravdan Munkhjargal, Dorjdagva Javkhlanbayar, Kouda Katsuyasu, Batbaatar Enkhjargal, Dambaa Naranzul, Boldoo Tsolmon, Ganbold Bolor-Erdene, Ohara Kumiko, Nakama Chikako, Nishiyama Toshimasa
Tuberculosis Surveillance and Research Department, National Center for Communicable Diseases, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Oddariya Foundation, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2025 Jun 17;5(6):e0004723. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004723. eCollection 2025.
The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity is a serious public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, closely linked to socioeconomic status, with significant disparities observed across different socioeconomic groups. However, the association between socioeconomic status and overweight or obesity has been less studied in Mongolia. The aim of this study was to examine socioeconomic inequality in overweight and obesity among adults in Mongolia. The data for this study was derived from the Mongolian National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey, which included 41,777 participants aged 18 years and older. We used Erreyger's concentration index to assess the degree of socioeconomic inequality in overweight and obese individuals. Socioeconomic status was measured by educational level. A decomposition analysis was applied to identify the factors contributing to inequality in overweight and obesity among Mongolian adults. Among the study population, 33.4% were overweight, and 20.7% were obese. The Erreyger's concentration index for obesity was 0.059 (p < 0.01) among men and -0.047 (p < 0.01) among women. Furthermore, obesity was concentrated among the higher-educated men and lower-educated women. The decomposition analysis results show that education, employment status, and income were the main contributors to education-related inequalities in obesity for both men and women, except the age contribution. Education-related socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity exist among Mongolian adults. Future national strategies for tackling obesity should address inequalities in the root social determinants.
超重和肥胖患病率的不断上升在低收入和中等收入国家是一个严重的公共卫生问题，与社会经济地位密切相关，不同社会经济群体之间存在显著差异。然而，在蒙古国，社会经济地位与超重或肥胖之间的关联研究较少。本研究的目的是调查蒙古国成年人中超重和肥胖方面的社会经济不平等情况。本研究的数据来自蒙古国全国结核病患病率调查，该调查包括41777名18岁及以上的参与者。我们使用埃雷格尔集中指数来评估超重和肥胖个体的社会经济不平等程度。社会经济地位通过教育水平来衡量。应用分解分析来确定导致蒙古国成年人超重和肥胖不平等的因素。在研究人群中，33.4%的人超重，20.7%的人肥胖。男性肥胖的埃雷格尔集中指数为0.059（p<0.01），女性为-0.047（p<0.01）。此外，肥胖集中在高学历男性和低学历女性中。分解分析结果表明，教育、就业状况和收入是导致男性和女性肥胖中与教育相关不平等的主要因素，但年龄因素除外。蒙古国成年人中存在与教育相关的超重和肥胖社会经济不平等。未来应对肥胖的国家战略应从根本的社会决定因素入手解决不平等问题。
