Velluvakandy Roshan, Ju Xiaohui, Pumera Martin
Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic.
Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
ACS Nano. 2025 Jul 1;19(25):22953-22967. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c02092. Epub 2025 Jun 17.
Achieving precise control of cellular processes drives possibilities for next-generation therapeutic approaches. However, existing technologies for influencing cell behavior primarily rely on specific drug delivery, limiting their ability to mimic natural cellular communication processes. In this work, we developed glucose-powered gold-silica (Au-SiO) nanorobots that induce cell migration by generating steady-state hydrogen peroxide (HO) as a biochemical signaling molecule to mimic natural cellular communication with high spatial resolution. These nanorobots leverage the unique 2-in-1 catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles for glucose oxidation and HO decomposition, allowing for precise control over the generation of steady-state HO concentration and enhanced diffusion powered by glucose within the cellular microenvironment. We further demonstrated that at low dosages of nanorobots, the steady-state HO generation promotes cell migration and proliferation, while higher dosages of nanorobots slow down cell proliferation. The proposed design of this biocompatible nanorobot is intended to enable communication with the environment and provide a noninvasive, biochemical command system for regulating cellular behavior. Additionally, we show proof of principle of a method by which nanorobots can augment wound healing and similar regenerative therapies.
实现对细胞过程的精确控制为下一代治疗方法带来了可能性。然而，现有的影响细胞行为的技术主要依赖于特定的药物递送，限制了它们模拟自然细胞通讯过程的能力。在这项工作中，我们开发了由葡萄糖驱动的金-二氧化硅（Au-SiO）纳米机器人，它们通过产生稳态过氧化氢（H₂O₂）作为生化信号分子来诱导细胞迁移，从而以高空间分辨率模拟自然细胞通讯。这些纳米机器人利用金纳米颗粒独特的二合一催化活性进行葡萄糖氧化和H₂O₂分解，从而能够精确控制稳态H₂O₂浓度的产生，并增强由葡萄糖在细胞微环境中驱动的扩散。我们进一步证明，在低剂量的纳米机器人作用下，稳态H₂O₂的产生促进细胞迁移和增殖，而高剂量的纳米机器人则会减缓细胞增殖。这种生物相容性纳米机器人的设计旨在实现与环境的通讯，并提供一个用于调节细胞行为的非侵入性生化指令系统。此外，我们展示了一种原理证明方法，通过该方法纳米机器人可以增强伤口愈合及类似的再生疗法。
