Wang Chengran, Wu Yimeng, Jiang Jinlan
Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin Province, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025 Jun 17;16(1):308. doi: 10.1186/s13287-025-04431-1.
Mesenchymal stem cells are of great interest because of their multipotency, immune modulation capacity, and tissue and vascular regeneration effects. They are used in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus, helping improve the pancreatic environment and insulin secretion. Type 1 diabetes mellitus predominantly affects children and adolescents, with early onset and a prolonged course that can lead to multiorgan complications and related disorders. Studies using mesenchymal stem cells to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus have yielded promising results. This review discusses the common animal models of type 1 diabetes mellitus, mesenchymal stem cell immunotherapy mechanisms, and combined diabetes treatments. Its purpose is to summarize the current evidence on mesenchymal stem cell use in type 1 diabetes, providing insights for further research directions.
Current studies show that mesenchymal stem cells play an active role in the treatment of type 1 diabetes; however, clinical trials remain rare, necessitating more basic and preclinical research to identify optimal treatments.
Mesenchymal stem cells can treat type 1 diabetes through a variety of immune mechanisms and also play a positive role in the treatment of type 1 diabetes complications. At the same time, it can be combined with other therapies to play a better therapeutic role.
间充质干细胞因其多能性、免疫调节能力以及组织和血管再生作用而备受关注。它们被用于治疗1型糖尿病，有助于改善胰腺环境和胰岛素分泌。1型糖尿病主要影响儿童和青少年，起病早且病程长，可导致多器官并发症及相关病症。使用间充质干细胞治疗1型糖尿病的研究已取得了有前景的结果。本综述讨论了1型糖尿病的常见动物模型、间充质干细胞免疫治疗机制以及联合糖尿病治疗方法。其目的是总结目前关于间充质干细胞用于1型糖尿病治疗的证据，为进一步的研究方向提供见解。
目前的研究表明，间充质干细胞在1型糖尿病治疗中发挥着积极作用；然而，临床试验仍然很少，需要更多的基础和临床前研究来确定最佳治疗方法。
间充质干细胞可通过多种免疫机制治疗1型糖尿病，并且在1型糖尿病并发症的治疗中也发挥着积极作用。同时，它可以与其他疗法联合使用以发挥更好的治疗作用。
