Javed Rida, Mumtaz Sohail, Amsalu Kirubel, Choi Eun Ha
Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
Department of Plasma Bio-Display, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
Fundam Res. 2024 Jul 25;5(3):1011-1024. doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.06.010. eCollection 2025 May.
Salinity stress is a serious environmental threat that has a detrimental impact on agricultural yield and productivity. The effects of plasma-treated water (PTW) and metal ions (M) on Pak Choi growth and salt tolerance genes under salinity stress have not yet been studied. To bridge these gaps, we explored the effects of PTW and PTW + M, prepared using multi-electrode cylindrical dielectric barrier discharged plasma, on Pak Choi seedlings irrigated with 100 mM NaCl solution for 7 d, with an aim to improve plant tolerance to salinity. PTW and PTW + M significantly improved the length and dry weight of shoots and roots, as well as photosynthetic activity, by increasing chlorophyll a and b, pheophytin a and b, total pheophytin, and carotenoid contents. Plant biomass increased maximum of up to 54.4%, shoot length 18.1%, and root length 26.01% in the PTW + M group compared to the control. Furthermore, total chlorophyll and pheophytin content increased 2.16 and 1.55 times after PTW + M irrigation compared to control (DI irrigation) under salinity stress. PTW and PTW + M irrigation further reduced the plasma membrane permeability along with an increase in hydration and intracellular NO and Ca levels, with ionic balance and osmotic adjustment genes under salinity stress. Additionally, the treatments improved the primary metabolite accumulation of sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids, and amino acids, as osmo-protectants, and modulated the adaptation to mitigate salinity stress. In conclusion, PTW and PTW + M irrigation mitigated salinity stress by promoting osmotic adjustment, membrane impermeability, hydration capacity, and the upregulation of salt tolerance genes and primary metabolites in Pak Choi seedlings under salinity stress.
盐分胁迫是一种严重的环境威胁，对农业产量和生产力产生不利影响。等离子体处理水（PTW）和金属离子（M）对盐胁迫下小白菜生长和耐盐基因的影响尚未得到研究。为了填补这些空白，我们探索了使用多电极圆柱形介质阻挡放电等离子体制备的PTW和PTW+M对用100 mM NaCl溶液灌溉7天的小白菜幼苗的影响，旨在提高植物对盐分的耐受性。PTW和PTW+M通过增加叶绿素a和b、脱镁叶绿素a和b、总脱镁叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量，显著提高了地上部和根部的长度、干重以及光合活性。与对照相比，PTW+M组的植物生物量最大增加了54.4%，地上部长18.1%，根长26.01%。此外，在盐胁迫下，与对照（去离子水灌溉）相比，PTW+M灌溉后总叶绿素和脱镁叶绿素含量分别增加了2.16倍和1.55倍。PTW和PTW+M灌溉进一步降低了质膜通透性，同时增加了水合作用以及细胞内NO和Ca水平，以及盐胁迫下的离子平衡和渗透调节基因。此外，这些处理提高了作为渗透保护剂的糖类、糖醇类、有机酸和氨基酸等主要代谢产物的积累，并调节了对盐胁迫的适应性。总之，PTW和PTW+M灌溉通过促进渗透调节、膜不透性、水合能力以及上调盐胁迫下小白菜幼苗的耐盐基因和主要代谢产物，减轻了盐胁迫。
