Holan Vladimir, Javorkova Eliska, Hermankova Barbora, Rossner Pavel
Department of Toxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 Jun 12;20:7403-7414. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S527928. eCollection 2025.
Stem cell-based therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of numerous currently uncurable diseases. However, wider application of this therapy is still bound by various limitations. To increase the effectiveness of cell therapy, a combined application of stem cells with various types of chemicals or agents, which could support the immunoregulatory and therapeutic properties of stem cells, has been proposed and tested. One prospective approach is offered by the co-application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have potent immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, and selected metal nanoparticles (NPs) which have been used in various fields of medicine for their immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant and antibacterial properties. It has been shown that the main mechanism of the therapeutic action of MSCs is the production of immunomodulatory molecules and growth factors, and that the secretory activity of MSCs can be modified by different types of NPs. For this purpose, metal NPs are extremely useful. They possess unique characteristics and can influence the growth and repair of tissues, exert strong antimicrobial activity and serve as nanocarriers. Thus, treatment based on the simultaneous application of MSCs and selected NPs combines the therapeutic effects of MSCs and impacts of NPs on applied MSCs, and on the cells and tissues of the recipient. In this review we outline the current state of studies combining the administration of MSCs and the application of metal NPs, with a focus on perspectives to use such treatment for corneal and retinal injuries and diseases.
基于干细胞的疗法是治疗众多目前无法治愈疾病的一种有前景的方法。然而，这种疗法的更广泛应用仍然受到各种限制。为了提高细胞疗法的有效性，人们已经提出并测试了将干细胞与各种化学物质或制剂联合应用，这些化学物质或制剂可以支持干细胞的免疫调节和治疗特性。一种前瞻性方法是将具有强大免疫调节和再生特性的间充质干细胞（MSCs）与已因其免疫调节、抗氧化和抗菌特性而在医学各个领域得到应用的特定金属纳米颗粒（NPs）共同应用。已经表明，MSCs治疗作用的主要机制是产生免疫调节分子和生长因子，并且MSCs的分泌活性可以被不同类型的NPs改变。为此，金属NPs非常有用。它们具有独特的特性，可以影响组织的生长和修复，发挥强大的抗菌活性，并作为纳米载体。因此，基于同时应用MSCs和特定NPs的治疗结合了MSCs的治疗效果以及NPs对所应用的MSCs以及受体的细胞和组织的影响。在这篇综述中，我们概述了将MSCs给药与金属NPs应用相结合的研究现状，重点关注将这种治疗方法用于角膜和视网膜损伤及疾病的前景。
