Zhang Lingling, Chi Qi
Department of Neurology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Radiology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Front Neurol. 2025 Jun 4;16:1527749. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1527749. eCollection 2025.
Metabolic syndrome comprises multiple cardiovascular risk factors, and previous studies have confirmed a significant association between metabolic syndrome and an increased risk of stroke. However, no systematic meta-analysis has evaluated the sex differences in the relationship between metabolic syndrome and stroke. This study aimed to investigate the sex difference in the association between metabolic syndrome and stroke.
The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for eligible studies until October 2024. The sex difference in the association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of stroke was calculated by relative risk ratio (RRR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using a random-effects model with inverse variance weighting.
Nine studies involving 61,060 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. No sex difference was observed in the association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of stroke (RRR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.72-1.17; = 0.482). Sensitivity analysis found that the sex difference in this association was stable. Subgroup analyses revealed that male individuals with metabolic syndrome had a greater risk of stroke than female individuals in studies with a follow-up duration of <10.0 years (RRR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.46-1.04; = 0.078) and with low quality (RRR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.30-0.98; = 0.043).
Sex differences may exist in the association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of stroke, especially with shorter follow-up periods. Further large prospective studies should be performed to verify the sex difference in the association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of stroke.
代谢综合征包含多种心血管危险因素，既往研究已证实代谢综合征与中风风险增加之间存在显著关联。然而，尚无系统的荟萃分析评估代谢综合征与中风关系中的性别差异。本研究旨在探讨代谢综合征与中风关联中的性别差异。
系统检索PubMed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆数据库，直至2024年10月，查找符合条件的研究。采用随机效应模型和逆方差加权法，通过相对风险比（RRR）及95%置信区间（CI）计算代谢综合征与中风风险关联中的性别差异。
荟萃分析纳入了9项涉及61,060名个体的研究。未观察到代谢综合征与中风风险关联中的性别差异（RRR：0.92；95%CI：0.72 - 1.17；P = 0.482）。敏感性分析发现该关联中的性别差异是稳定的。亚组分析显示，在随访时间<10.0年（RRR：0.70；95%CI：0.46 - 1.04；P = 0.078）和质量较低（RRR：0.54；95%CI：0.30 - 0.98；P = 0.043）的研究中，患有代谢综合征的男性中风风险高于女性。
代谢综合征与中风风险的关联中可能存在性别差异，尤其是随访期较短时。应开展进一步的大型前瞻性研究，以验证代谢综合征与中风风险关联中的性别差异。
