Ara Ferdous, Sarwar Sneha, Fahima Ahmad Tasmim, Shorovi Nusrat Jahan, Asamoni Fnu, Amin Md Ruhul, Jahan Prome Sharmili, Arefin Md Saidul, Shamim Abu Ahmed, Akhtaruzzaman M
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, BGD.
Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Independent University, Dhaka, BGD.
Cureus. 2025 May 19;17(5):e84385. doi: 10.7759/cureus.84385. eCollection 2025 May.
Background Normal kidney function is essential for maintaining good health. The objective of the study was to explore the association between socio-demographic characteristics and body mass index (BMI) with serum uric acid, urea, and creatinine levels among women of reproductive age (WRA) in selected areas of Bangladesh. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 178 WRA in selected districts of Bangladesh. Data on demographic, socioeconomic, and anthropometric variables were collected. Blood samples were collected, processed, stored, and analyzed using the DIALAB GmbH semi-automatic biochemistry analyzer DTN-405 (Austria) to measure uric acid, urea, and creatinine. Results The study found that 42 women (23.6%) were underweight, while 35 (19.7%) were classified as overweight or obese. The average (mean ± SD) serum levels (mg/dL) were 5.74 ± 2.07 for uric acid, 17.93 ± 9.83 for urea, 0.89 ± 0.28 for creatinine, and 92.18 ± 35.86 mL/min/1.73 m² for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Elevated levels of creatinine, uric acid, and urea were observed in 47 (27%), 56 (31.5%), and 73 (41%) participants, respectively. Additionally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) was identified in 32 individuals (18%). Overall, normal kidney function markers were found in 55 participants (about 31%), while 9 participants (about 5%) showed elevated levels for all three markers. The odds of having one or more elevated kidney function markers were significantly higher (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.22-6.42; p < 0.05) among individuals with a BMI greater than 18.5 kg/m² compared to underweight women. After adjusting for related factors, BMI was found to be significantly associated with the risk of elevated kidney function markers. Conclusion Only one-third of the WRA displayed normal kidney function indicators, and BMI demonstrated a significant non-linear relationship with one or more elevated kidney function indicators, even within the normal BMI range. Therefore, further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to gain deeper insights.
背景 正常的肾功能对于维持身体健康至关重要。本研究的目的是探讨孟加拉国选定地区育龄妇女（WRA）的社会人口学特征和体重指数（BMI）与血清尿酸、尿素和肌酐水平之间的关联。方法 在孟加拉国选定地区对178名育龄妇女进行了一项横断面研究。收集了人口统计学、社会经济和人体测量学变量的数据。采集血样，使用奥地利DIALAB GmbH半自动生化分析仪DTN - 405进行处理、储存和分析，以测量尿酸、尿素和肌酐。结果 研究发现，42名妇女（23.6%）体重过轻，而35名（19.7%）被归类为超重或肥胖。尿酸的平均（均值±标准差）血清水平（mg/dL）为5.74±2.07，尿素为17.93±9.83，肌酐为0.89±0.28，估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）为92.18±35.86 mL/min/1.73 m²。分别有47名（27%）、56名（31.5%）和73名（41%）参与者的肌酐、尿酸和尿素水平升高。此外，32人（18%）被诊断为慢性肾脏病（CKD）。总体而言，55名参与者（约31%）的肾功能指标正常，而9名参与者（约5%）的所有三项指标均升高。与体重过轻的女性相比，BMI大于18.5 kg/m²的个体出现一项或多项肾功能指标升高的几率显著更高（调整后的优势比（AOR）= 2.8；95%置信区间：1.22 - 6.42；p < 0.05）。在对相关因素进行调整后，发现BMI与肾功能指标升高的风险显著相关。结论 只有三分之一的育龄妇女肾功能指标正常，并且BMI与一项或多项肾功能指标升高呈显著的非线性关系，即使在正常BMI范围内也是如此。因此，有必要进行更大样本量的进一步研究以获得更深入的见解。
