Bayomy Noha Rabie, Elgouhary Sameh Mohamed, Gayed Eman Masoud Abd El, Diab Karema Abdelhady, Kamel Mai A, Muharram Nashwa Mahmoud Mouhamed
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt.
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Benha National University, Obour, Egypt.
J Mol Neurosci. 2025 Jun 19;75(3):78. doi: 10.1007/s12031-025-02372-1.
To assess the role of the mRNA and protein expression of Astrocyte Elevated Gene- 1 (AEG-1) and other possible risk factors for diabetic optic neuropathy (DON) in Egyptian patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). This case-control study constituted 450 diabetic patients divided into three groups: Group 1 included 150 DR patients with any sign of DON (diabetic papillopathy (DP), non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), and optic atrophy (OA)). Group 2 included 150 DR patients without any sign of DON. Group 3 included 150 sex and age-matched diabetic patients without any sign of DR or DON. The expression level of AEG-1 mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR. Serum AEG-1 was determined by ELISA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the DON risk factors. The mRNA expression of the AEG-1 gene and AEG-1 protein levels were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in diabetic patients with (group 1) than without (group 2) DON. ROC curve analysis showed that the mRNA level of the AEG-1 gene exhibited a 70% specificity and a 79.33% diagnostic sensitivity. The diagnostic sensitivity of the serum concentration of AEG-1 was 84.67%, while the specificity was 70%. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk factors for DON were 2hpp blood sugar, HbA1c, serum cholesterol, AEG-1 gene's mRNA expression, and AEG-1 protein. Serum cholesterol, the AEG-1 gene's mRNA expression, and the AEG-1 protein are risk factors for all varieties of DON. While the blood glucose levels favour the development of DP, control of diabetes favours the occurrence of AION. Lastly, diabetes duration is more related to the presence of OA.
评估埃及糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）患者中星形胶质细胞升高基因1（AEG-1）的mRNA和蛋白表达以及糖尿病性视神经病变（DON）的其他可能危险因素的作用。这项病例对照研究纳入了450例糖尿病患者，分为三组：第1组包括150例有任何DON体征的DR患者（糖尿病性视乳头病变（DP）、非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变（AION）和视神经萎缩（OA））。第2组包括150例无任何DON体征的DR患者。第3组包括150例年龄和性别匹配、无任何DR或DON体征的糖尿病患者。通过实时PCR评估AEG-1 mRNA的表达水平。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测定血清AEG-1。进行多因素逻辑回归分析以评估DON的危险因素。与无DON的糖尿病患者（第2组）相比，有DON的糖尿病患者（第1组）中AEG-1基因的mRNA表达和AEG-1蛋白水平显著升高（P < 0.001）。ROC曲线分析表明，AEG-1基因的mRNA水平具有70%的特异性和79.33%的诊断敏感性。AEG-1血清浓度的诊断敏感性为84.67%，特异性为70%。多因素回归分析表明，DON的危险因素为餐后2小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血清胆固醇、AEG-1基因的mRNA表达和AEG-1蛋白。血清胆固醇、AEG-1基因的mRNA表达和AEG-1蛋白是所有类型DON的危险因素。血糖水平有利于DP的发生，而糖尿病的控制有利于AION的发生。最后，糖尿病病程与OA的存在关系更大。
