Zhu Yucheng, Zhu Xueliang, Soyler Irem, Pan Xuhai, Liu Lian X, Bussemaker Madeleine J
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom; College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2025 Jun 12;120:107427. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107427.
Acoustic cavitation is influenced by multiple variables, including ultrasound frequency, power, and reactor configuration, all of which exert interactive and nonlinear effects on the performance of sonochemical systems. Current research on parametric effects has predominantly focused on the general trends of individual parameters, with limited investigation into their combined and interdependent influences. In this study, the sonochemical activity was systematically measured using sonochemiluminescence (SCL) and potassium iodide (KI) dosimetry under over 110 distinct operating conditions. The experimental data were transformed into dimensionless form to examine multi-parameter coupling effects in ultrasonic processes. Through theoretical analysis and experimental validation, seven dimensionless numbers (Π1-Π7) were identified, elucidating the roles of bubble dynamics, cavitation environment, acoustic wave propagation, and thermal effects in sonochemical processes. A dimensionless multivariate regression model framework was then developed to predict sonochemical activity under varying operating conditions. The applicability and generalizability of the model were verified by comparing predictive results with published studies. The study is the first to systematically integrate dimensionless analysis with multivariate regression, enabling a comprehensive exploration of multi-parameter coupling effects on sonochemical activity and establishing a predictive mathematical modelling framework. This deepens the understanding of the dynamics of ultrasonic cavitation and lays the foundation for future applications in more complex fluid systems, non-aqueous media, and different types of ultrasound equipment. Therefore, this study represents an initial step toward advancing multi-parameter optimisation strategies in sonochemistry, offering a novel framework for systematically optimising sonochemical systems and guiding future experimental and industrial applications.
声空化受多种变量影响，包括超声频率、功率和反应器配置，所有这些变量对声化学系统的性能都具有交互和非线性影响。目前关于参数效应的研究主要集中在单个参数的一般趋势上，而对它们的综合和相互依存影响的研究有限。在本研究中，在超过110种不同的操作条件下，使用声致化学发光（SCL）和碘化钾（KI）剂量测定法系统地测量了声化学活性。将实验数据转换为无量纲形式，以研究超声过程中的多参数耦合效应。通过理论分析和实验验证，确定了七个无量纲数（Π1 - Π7），阐明了气泡动力学、空化环境、声波传播和热效应在声化学过程中的作用。然后建立了一个无量纲多元回归模型框架，以预测不同操作条件下的声化学活性。通过将预测结果与已发表的研究进行比较，验证了该模型的适用性和通用性。该研究首次将无量纲分析与多元回归系统地结合起来，能够全面探索多参数耦合对声化学活性的影响，并建立了一个预测性数学建模框架。这加深了对超声空化动力学的理解，并为未来在更复杂的流体系统、非水介质和不同类型超声设备中的应用奠定了基础。因此，本研究是推进声化学中多参数优化策略的第一步，为系统优化声化学系统并指导未来的实验和工业应用提供了一个新颖的框架。
