Stahl Valerie, Rubin Rainbow, Chowdhary Pujeeta, Parada Humberto
School of Public Affairs, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, San Francisco, CA, 94109, USA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2025 Jun 21. doi: 10.1007/s10552-025-02020-4.
The relationship between land use and zoning and breast cancer (BC) incidence is understudied, despite the potential for the built environment to result in exposure to mammary carcinogens. We examined associations between land use and zoning and BC incidence rates in California (CA).
We obtained 10-year (2012-2021) age-adjusted BC incidence rates (aIRs) of female BC by the 542 medical service study areas (MSSAs) from CA Health Maps and 2021 zoning data for 535 jurisdictions from CA's Office of Planning and Research Statewide Zoning Database. Land use and zoning was calculated as a percentage of total MSSA area using GIS. We used multiple linear regression to examine the associations (βs and 95% confidence intervals, CIs) between the percentages of non-residential land use (per 10% increases) including %agricultural, %high-intensity commercial, %industrial, %park or open space, and %mixed-use in MSSAs and aIRs overall and by race/ethnicity.
BC aIRs increased with increasing %high-intensity commercial zoning (β = 8.32, 95% CI = 0.06, 16.57) among all women. BC aIRs increased with increasing %agricultural zoning (β = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.06, 5.15) among Black women, and decreased with increasing %park or open space zoning (β = - 0.85, 95% CI = - 1.54, - 0.17) among non-Hispanic White women (NHW).
Land use and zoning are associated with BC incidence rates among women in CA. Breast cancer prevention strategies can establish healthier communities through zoning modifications that prioritize open, public spaces, and recreational uses.
尽管建筑环境有可能导致接触乳腺致癌物，但土地利用与分区规划和乳腺癌（BC）发病率之间的关系尚未得到充分研究。我们研究了加利福尼亚州（CA）土地利用与分区规划和BC发病率之间的关联。
我们从CA健康地图中获取了542个医疗服务研究区域（MSSA）的10年（2012 - 2021年）年龄调整后的女性BC发病率（aIR），以及来自CA规划和研究办公室全州分区数据库的535个辖区的2021年分区数据。使用地理信息系统（GIS）将土地利用和分区规划计算为MSSA总面积的百分比。我们使用多元线性回归来研究MSSA中非住宅土地利用百分比（每增加10%），包括农业用地百分比、高强度商业用地百分比、工业用地百分比、公园或开放空间百分比以及混合用途百分比与总体aIR以及按种族/族裔划分的aIR之间的关联（β值和95%置信区间，CIs）。
在所有女性中，BC的aIR随着高强度商业分区百分比的增加而增加（β = 8.32，95% CI = 0.06，16.57）。在黑人女性中，BC的aIR随着农业分区百分比的增加而增加（β = 3.11，95% CI = 1.06，5.15），而在非西班牙裔白人女性（NHW）中，BC的aIR随着公园或开放空间分区百分比的增加而降低（β = -0.85，95% CI = -1.54，-0.17）。
在加利福尼亚州，土地利用和分区规划与女性BC发病率相关。乳腺癌预防策略可以通过优先考虑开放的公共空间和娱乐用途的分区调整来建立更健康的社区。
