Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
Prev Med. 2022 Jul;160:107073. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107073. Epub 2022 May 2.
Despite experiencing health inequities, less is known about neighborhood environments and physical activity among Hispanic/Latino adults compared to other populations. We investigated this topic in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Hispanic/Latino adults in the San Diego, California area of the U.S. completed measures of overall moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) via accelerometry and domain-specific MVPA via questionnaire at Visits 1 (2008-2011; n = 4086) and 2 (2014-2017; n = 1776), ~6 years apart. 800-m home neighborhood buffers were used to create objective measures of residential, intersection, and retail density, bus/trolley stops, greenness, parks, and recreation area at Visit 1. Regression models tested the association of each neighborhood feature with MVPA at Visit 1 and over 6 years, adjusting for individual characteristics and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation. At Visit 1, those in neighborhoods with higher vs. lower retail density or recreation area (+1 vs. -1 standard deviation from the mean) engaged in 10% more overall MVPA and 12-22% more active transportation. Those in neighborhoods with higher vs. lower residential density engaged in 22% more active transportation. Those in neighborhoods with higher vs. lower greenness and park count engaged in 14-16% more recreational MVPA. Neighborhood features were unassociated with changes in MVPA over 6 years. Although changes in MVPA over time were similar across neighborhoods, Hispanic/Latino adults living in neighborhoods with design features supportive of walking and recreational activity (e.g., greater residential and retail density, more parks and recreation facilities) were consistently more active. Improving neighborhood environments appears important for supporting physical activity among Hispanic/Latino adults.
尽管西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人经历了健康不平等，但与其他人群相比，人们对他们所处的邻里环境和身体活动了解较少。我们在美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥地区的西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究（HCHS/SOL）中调查了这一主题。西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人在两次访问（2008-2011 年；n=4086 和 2014-2017 年；n=1776）中通过加速度计完成了总体中等至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）的测量，以及通过问卷完成了特定领域的 MVPA 的测量，两次访问间隔约 6 年。在第一次访问时，使用 800 米的家庭邻里缓冲区来创建居住、交叉口和零售密度、公共汽车/无轨电车车站、绿地、公园和娱乐区的客观指标。回归模型检验了每个邻里特征与第一次访问时的 MVPA 以及 6 年期间的 MVPA 的关联，调整了个体特征和邻里社会经济剥夺情况。在第一次访问时，与零售密度或娱乐区较高（比平均值高 1 个标准差）的邻里相比，整体 MVPA 多进行了 10%，积极交通多进行了 12-22%。与居住密度较高（比平均值高 1 个标准差）的邻里相比，积极交通多进行了 22%。与绿地和公园数量较高（比平均值高 1 个标准差）的邻里相比，休闲性 MVPA 多进行了 14-16%。邻里特征与 6 年内 MVPA 的变化无关。尽管随着时间的推移，MVPA 的变化在不同邻里之间相似，但居住在支持步行和娱乐活动的邻里设计特征（例如，更高的居住和零售密度、更多的公园和娱乐设施）的西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人一直更加活跃。改善邻里环境对于支持西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的身体活动似乎很重要。
