Cao Xianhe, Yuan Qingjun, Hu Chengcheng, Zhang Hanxing, Sun Xianyun, Yan Binbin, Ma Xiaojing, Zhang Long, Huang Luqi, Li Shaojie, Zhang Zhenying
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity and Innovative Utilization, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Industry, China, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanchang, 330115, China.
Microbiome. 2025 Jun 21;13(1):150. doi: 10.1186/s40168-025-02136-4.
The sustained monoculture and irregular planting practices rendered the cultivated Coptis chinensis more prone to various diseases compared to its wild counterparts. Rewilding the rhizomicrobiome of cultivated plants has emerged as a promising strategy to promote plant growth, but ancestral microbiota suitable for C. chinensis remain largely uncharted.
The amplicon data analyses revealed that habitat transition strongly influenced the rhizosphere microbial communities. The rhizomicrobiomes of wild C. chinensis encompassed a more diverse array of ecological groups and exhibited a greater functional diversity compared to their cultivated counterparts. A higher proportion of beneficial fungi was observed in the rhizosphere of wild C. chinensis, while the cultivated plants had a higher population of pathogenic fungi. Furthermore, a well-documented plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium genus, Paraburkholderia, was found to play an essential role in the resistance of the wild C. chinensis to potential disease caused by Ilyonectria. Two strains of Paraburkholderia (Paraburkholderia nemoris and Paraburkholderia phytofirmans) were isolated, and in vitro experiments confirmed that these isolates possess various growth-promoting properties and antagonistic activities against known pathogens for C. chinensis root rot. Both of the Paraburkholderia isolates could markedly promote the plant immune response and enhance the overall health of the cultivated C. chinensis.
By a comprehensive comparison of the rhizosphere microbiome between wild and cultivated C. chinensis, the promising bacterial genus Paraburkholderia was identified as a beneficial microbe significantly promoting the growth of C. chinensis, providing pivotal insights for future endeavors aimed at engineering the rhizosphere microbiome of C. chinensis, as well as other medicinal herbs. Video Abstract.
与野生黄连相比，持续的单一栽培和不规范的种植方式使栽培黄连更容易感染各种疾病。恢复栽培植物的根际微生物群落已成为促进植物生长的一种有前景的策略，但适合黄连的祖先微生物群在很大程度上仍未被探索。
扩增子数据分析表明，生境转变强烈影响根际微生物群落。与栽培黄连相比，野生黄连的根际微生物群包含更多样化的生态类群，并且表现出更大的功能多样性。在野生黄连的根际观察到更高比例的有益真菌，而栽培植物中致病真菌的数量更多。此外，一种有充分文献记载的促进植物生长的根际细菌属——类伯克霍尔德菌属，被发现对野生黄连抵抗由伊氏丝核菌引起的潜在疾病起着至关重要的作用。分离出了两种类伯克霍尔德菌（类伯克霍尔德菌nemoris和植物类伯克霍尔德菌），体外实验证实这些分离物具有多种促进生长的特性以及对黄连根腐病已知病原体的拮抗活性。这两种类伯克霍尔德菌分离物都能显著促进植物免疫反应并增强栽培黄连的整体健康状况。
通过对野生和栽培黄连根际微生物群的全面比较，有前景的细菌属类伯克霍尔德菌被鉴定为显著促进黄连生长的有益微生物，为未来旨在构建黄连以及其他药用植物根际微生物群的研究提供了关键见解。视频摘要。
