de Marchena Ashley, Cuneo Nicole, Gurbuz Emine, Brown Maci, Trujillo James, Bergstrom Jennifer
AJ Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, 3020 Market Street, Suite 560, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Psychology Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2025 Jun 23. doi: 10.1007/s11920-025-01616-6.
This review focuses on recent research (primarily published between 2020-2024) describing unique aspects of communication in autistic adults. We review research on communication-related outcomes, as well as four communication topics frequently cited as important to autistic people (literal and non-literal language, augmentative and alternative communication, nonverbal communication, and double empathy).
A substantial proportion of autistic adults do not develop fluent language by adulthood. Autistic adults frequently experience communication barriers impacting relationships, employment, and health. These barriers arise from multiple sources (e.g., language, nonverbal communication, and unaccommodating environments and communication partners). Thus, it is essential to take a multifaceted approach to supporting autistic adults to ensure their communication success. We conclude that it is vital for clinicians and researchers to understand how autistic traits commonly manifest in adults and to accept and accommodate communication differences as they arise. To that end, we offer specific recommendations to help clinicians and researchers strengthen their interactions with the autistic people in their lives.
本综述聚焦于近期研究（主要发表于2020年至2024年之间），这些研究描述了自闭症成年患者沟通的独特方面。我们回顾了与沟通相关的研究成果，以及经常被认为对自闭症患者很重要的四个沟通主题（字面和非字面语言、辅助和替代沟通、非言语沟通以及双重同理心）。
相当一部分自闭症成年患者到成年时语言并不流利。自闭症成年患者经常遇到影响人际关系、就业和健康的沟通障碍。这些障碍源于多种因素（例如语言、非言语沟通以及不包容的环境和沟通伙伴）。因此，采取多方面的方法来支持自闭症成年患者以确保他们的沟通成功至关重要。我们得出结论，临床医生和研究人员了解自闭症特征在成年人中通常如何表现，并在出现沟通差异时接受并加以适应，这一点至关重要。为此，我们提供具体建议，以帮助临床医生和研究人员加强他们与生活中自闭症患者的互动。
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