Saheki Takanobu, Kobayashi Toshihiro, Fukunaga Kensaku, Imachi Hitomi, Murao Koji
Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, JPN.
Cureus. 2025 May 21;17(5):e84532. doi: 10.7759/cureus.84532. eCollection 2025 May.
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can cause rare complications, including acute transient thyroid swelling (ATTS). We report a 71-year-old female with von Willebrand disease (VWD) who developed rapid thyroid enlargement post-FNAC. Ultrasonography showed hypoechoic areas without blood flow, suggesting interstitial edema rather than hematoma. The swelling resolved within 12 hours with conservative management. Neuropeptide and histamine release may contribute to this phenomenon. This case highlights the importance of coagulation assessment and monitoring in FNAC for bleeding disorders. Recognizing hypoechoic areas without blood flow on ultrasound (US) may aid in distinguishing edema from hematoma. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanism.
细针穿刺细胞学检查（FNAC）可导致罕见并发症，包括急性短暂性甲状腺肿大（ATTS）。我们报告一例71岁患有血管性血友病（VWD）的女性，她在FNAC后出现甲状腺迅速肿大。超声检查显示无血流的低回声区，提示为间质水肿而非血肿。经保守治疗，肿胀在12小时内消退。神经肽和组胺释放可能导致这种现象。该病例强调了在FNAC中对出血性疾病进行凝血评估和监测的重要性。识别超声（US）上无血流的低回声区可能有助于区分水肿和血肿。需要进一步研究以阐明其机制。
