Craig Maya, Cummings Kevin J, Cobo-Angel Claudia, Cazer Casey L, Aprea Melissa S, Franklin-Guild Rebecca J
Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.
One Health. 2025 Jun 2;20:101087. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101087. eCollection 2025 Jun.
In recognition that antimicrobial resistance in human pathogens may stem from antimicrobial use in agricultural settings, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ordered restrictions on antimicrobial usage (AMU) in food-producing animals. In 2012 the FDA restricted the extra-label use of third-generation cephalosporins, and in 2017 the FDA mandated veterinary oversight for the use of antimicrobials in the feed and water of food-producing animals and eliminated production-related uses. However, the impact of these restrictions on the antimicrobial resistance status of important pathogens, such as , remains unclear. To address this gap in knowledge, we analyzed veterinary diagnostic laboratory data on 2413 isolates from submitted bovine samples. We fitted logistic regression models to evaluate changes in proportions of antimicrobial-resistant isolates, and we used accelerated failure time (AFT) models to determine changes in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. Our analysis revealed the 2012 AMU restriction to be associated with a decrease in the odds of resistance to chlortetracycline (OR = 0.49; 95 % CI = 0.28-0.86), oxytetracycline (OR = 0.47; 95 % CI = 0.27-0.82), and neomycin (OR = 0.45; 95 % CI = 0.25-0.80). Furthermore, we found significant decreases in MIC values for chlortetracycline (CR = 0.74; 95 % CI = 0.62-0.87) and oxytetracycline (CR = 0.64; 95 % CI = 0.56-0.73) for the same AMU restriction. We found a significant association between the 2017 AMU restriction and decreased odds of resistance to florfenicol (OR = 0.28; 95 % CI = 0.09-0.92). serotype was an important predictor of resistance to all antimicrobials assessed via logistic regression or AFT models. Overall, our study suggests that in the region served by the laboratory, AMU restrictions have either had no detectable effect or are associated with decreasing AMR and MIC trends for isolated from bovine samples, depending on the antimicrobial.
鉴于人类病原体中的抗菌药物耐药性可能源于农业环境中的抗菌药物使用，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）下令限制食用动物生产中抗菌药物的使用（AMU）。2012年，FDA限制了第三代头孢菌素的超说明书使用，2017年，FDA要求对食用动物饲料和饮水中抗菌药物的使用进行兽医监督，并取消了与生产相关的用途。然而，这些限制对重要病原体（如 ）抗菌药物耐药性状况的影响仍不清楚。为了填补这一知识空白，我们分析了来自提交的牛样本的2413株 分离株的兽医诊断实验室数据。我们拟合了逻辑回归模型以评估抗菌药物耐药分离株比例的变化，并使用加速失效时间（AFT）模型来确定最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值的变化。我们的分析表明，2012年的AMU限制与对金霉素（OR = 0.49；95%CI = 0.28 - 0.86）、土霉素（OR = 0.47；95%CI = 0.27 - 0.82）和新霉素（OR = 0.
