Aviles Kristen M, Lear Benjamin J
Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
ACS Nanosci Au. 2025 Apr 17;5(3):117-127. doi: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.4c00076. eCollection 2025 Jun 18.
A common desire in nanoscience is to describe the size and morphology of nanoparticles as observed from TEM images. Many times, this analysis is done manually, a lengthy process that is prone to errors and ambiguity in the measurements. While several research groups have reported excellent advances in machine-learned approaches to automated TEM image processing, the tools that they have developed often require specialized software or significant knowledge of coding. This state of affairs means that a majority of researchers in the field of nanoscience are not well-equipped to incorporate these advances into their normal workflows. In this tutorial, we describe how to use Weka segmentation within the free and open source program FIJI to automatically identify and characterize nanoparticles from TEM images. The approach we outline is not meant to discount the excellent results of groups working at the forefront of machine learning image analysis; rather, it is meant to bring similar tools to a broader audience by demonstrating how such processing can be done within the GUI-based interface of FIJIa program already commonly used within nanoscience research. We also discuss the advantages that arise from automatic processing of TEM images, including repeatability, time savings, the ability to process low-contrast images, and the additional types of characterization that can be performed following identification of particles. The overall goal is to provide an accessible tool that enables a more robust and repeatable analysis and descriptions of nanoparticles.
纳米科学领域的一个普遍愿望是描述从透射电子显微镜(TEM)图像中观察到的纳米颗粒的尺寸和形态。很多时候,这种分析是手动完成的,这是一个漫长的过程,在测量中容易出现误差和模糊性。虽然有几个研究小组报告了在机器学习方法用于自动TEM图像处理方面取得的出色进展,但他们开发的工具通常需要专门的软件或大量的编码知识。这种情况意味着纳米科学领域的大多数研究人员没有充分准备好将这些进展纳入他们的常规工作流程。在本教程中,我们描述了如何在免费开源程序FIJI中使用Weka分割来自动从TEM图像中识别和表征纳米颗粒。我们概述的方法并非意在贬低在机器学习图像分析前沿工作的团队所取得的出色成果;相反,它旨在通过展示如何在FIJI基于图形用户界面(GUI)的界面中进行这种处理,将类似的工具带给更广泛的受众,FIJI是纳米科学研究中已经常用的程序。我们还讨论了TEM图像自动处理所带来的优势,包括可重复性、节省时间、处理低对比度图像的能力以及在识别颗粒后可以进行的其他类型的表征。总体目标是提供一个易于使用的工具,能够对纳米颗粒进行更稳健和可重复的分析与描述。